The classical human phosphoglucomutase (PGM1) isozyme polymorphism is generated by intragenic recombination
- Univ. College, London (United Kingdom)
The molecular basis of the classical human phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) isozyme polymorphism has been established. In 1964, when this genetic polymorphism was first described, two common allelozymes PGM1 1 and PGM1 2 were identified by starch gel electrophoresis. The PGM1 2 isozyme showed a greater anodal electrophoresis mobility than PGM1 1. Subsequently, it was found that each of these allelozymes could be split, by isoelectric focusing, into two subtypes; the acidic isozymes were given the suffix + and the basic isozymes 1 +, 1-, 2+, and 2- were identified. The authors have now analyzed the whole of the coding region of the human PGM1 gene by DNA sequencing in individuals of known PGM1 protein phenotype. Only two mutations have been found, both C to T transitions, at nt 723 and 1320. The mutation at position 723, which changes the amino acid sequence from Arg to Cys at residue 220, showed complete association with the PGM1 2/1 protein polymorphism: DNA from individuals showing the PGM1 1 isozyme carried the Arg codon CGT, whereas individuals showing the PGM1 2 isozyme carried the Cys codon TGT. Similarly, the mutation at position 1320, which leads to a Tyr to His substitution at residue 419, showed complete association with the PGM1+/- protein polymorphism: individuals with the + isozyme carried the Tyr codon TAT, whereas individuals with the - isozyme carried the His codon CAT. The charge changes predicted by these amino acid substitutions are entirely consistent with the charge intervals calculated from the isoelectric profiles of these four PGM1 isozymes. The authors therefore conclude that the mutations are solely responsible for the classical PGM1 protein polymorphism. Thus, the findings strongly support the view that only two point mutations are involved in the generation of the four common alleles and that one allele must have arisen by homologous intragenic recombination between these mutation sites.
- OSTI ID:
- 7034373
- Journal Information:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America; (United States), Vol. 90:22; ISSN 0027-8424
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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