Effects of surface coal mining on suspended-sediment discharge in a small mountain watershed, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. Water Resources Investigation
Technical Report
·
OSTI ID:7018672
Data collected in the upper Stony Fork Basin from July 1980 to November 1981 indicate that logging operations associated with block-cut surface coal mining temporarily increased the suspended-sediment discharge of Stony Fork. However, the strip-mining operation did not increase the suspended-sediment discharge of Stony Fork because of effective sediment-control measures. These controls include diversion terraces and a large sediment-control pond. The 50-acre mine site yielded an average of 6.9 tons of sediment per acre, whereas the sediment yield of the 2.5-square-mile study area was 0.13 tons per acre. During most storms, sharp increases in streamflow were accompanied by corresponding increases in suspended-sediment concentrations. At the end of a storm, suspended-sediment concentrations quickly returned to base-flow levels. Instantaneous water discharge ranged from 0.02 to 146 cubic feet per second. Average monthly water discharges ranged from 0.30 to 14.3 cubic feet per second. Suspended-sediment concentration ranged from less than 10 to 905 milligrams per liter. The highest daily mean suspended-sediment concentration was 176 milligrams per liter.
- Research Organization:
- Geological Survey, Denver, CO (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 7018672
- Report Number(s):
- PB-90-173303/XAB; USGS/WRI--85-4093
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010900* -- Coal
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540350 -- Environment
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ACID MINE DRAINAGE
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ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
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MASS TRANSFER
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SURFACE MINING
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010900* -- Coal
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540350 -- Environment
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ACID MINE DRAINAGE
APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS
COAL MINING
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
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FLUID FLOW
HYDROLOGY
MASS TRANSFER
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SITE SURVEYS
SOILS
SURFACE MINING
SURFACE WATERS
USA
WATER QUALITY
WATERSHEDS