Tritium breeding blanket isotope distillation columns
In the tritium breeding system the addition of a large flow rate of hydrogen (H/sub 2/) or deuterium (D/sub 2/) to the helium purge gas is considered essential to avoid a large amount of tritium inventory. However, the tritium concentration in the hydrogen isotope mixture to be separated is reduced by two or three orders of magnitude by the addition. The effects of this drastic dilution on the isotope separation by cryogenic distillation are analyzed for the Japanese Fusion Engineering Reactor where the tritium production rate is 3 g/h. It is shown that the dilution requires a specific cascade in addition to the cascade in the mainstream fuel circulation system. H/sub 2/ addition is much more favorable than D/sub 2/ addition in terms of the cascade scale needed, tritium inventory within the cascade, and refrigeration capacity required. The dilution of tritium by H/sub 2/ by two orders of magnitude requires a two-column cascade, and the tritium inventory and refrigeration capacity required are approximately 8 g and 65 W, respectively. The dilution by three orders of magnitude requires a three-column cascade, and the values of the two parameters are approximately 12 g and 630 W, respectively.
- Research Organization:
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Dept. of Thermonuclear Fusion Research, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki-ken 319-11
- OSTI ID:
- 7018452
- Journal Information:
- Fusion Technol.; (United States), Journal Name: Fusion Technol.; (United States) Vol. 10:3; ISSN FUSTE
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
700201 -- Fusion Power Plant Technology-- Blanket Engineering
700205* -- Fusion Power Plant Technology-- Fuel
Heating
& Injection Systems
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BREEDING
BREEDING BLANKETS
CLOSED PLASMA DEVICES
COOLING
CRYOGENICS
DEUTERIUM
DISTILLATION
DISTILLATION EQUIPMENT
ELEMENTS
EQUIPMENT
FLOW RATE
FLUIDS
GASES
HELIUM
HYDROGEN
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPE DILUTION
ISOTOPE RATIO
ISOTOPE SEPARATION
ISOTOPES
JAERI
JAPANESE ORGANIZATIONS
JXFR TOKAMAK
LIGHT NUCLEI
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
NONMETALS
NUCLEAR CASCADES
NUCLEAR FUEL CONVERSION
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
PRODUCTION
RADIOISOTOPES
RARE GASES
REACTOR COMPONENTS
REFRIGERATION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SIMULATION
STABLE ISOTOPES
THERMONUCLEAR DEVICES
TOKAMAK DEVICES
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRITIUM
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES