Alterations in lung clearance mechanisms due to single and repeated nitrogen dioxide exposures in the rabbit
Thesis/Dissertation
·
OSTI ID:6993324
Tracheobronchial mucociliary clearance was assessed following single, two-hour exposures to either 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, or 10.0 ppm NO/sub 2/, or 14 daily two hour exposures to 0.3, 1.0, 3.0 ppm NO/sub 2/. No significant changes in the mean residence time of tracer particles in the tracheobronchial region were produced under any exposure condition, indicating no effect upon mucociliary clearance. Macrophage functional properties were examined in vitro at select times following single, two hour in vivo exposures to 1.0 and 10.0 ppm NO/sub 2/. Macrophage number and viability were not affected; however, significant dose-related differences in phagocytosis and mobility were observed. These changes were associated with altered in vivo alveolar clearance patterns. Additional studies examined the effects of in vitro exposure to nitrite and hydrogen ion, two known NO/sub 2/ reaction products in the lung, on macrophage phagocytosis. While hydrogen ion had no effect at the levels used, nitrate was shown to enhance phagocytosis. These results demonstrate that alveolar clearance and macrophage function are altered by short-term NO/sub 2/ exposure at realistic, environmental levels. These data also provide insight into the mechanisms of NO/sub 2/-induced alteration in lung clearance pathways.
- Research Organization:
- New York Univ., NY (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6993324
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
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Journal Article
·
Tue Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1985
· J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)
·
OSTI ID:5001349
Effect of repeated exposures to nitrogen dioxide and sulfuric acid mist alone or in combination on mucociliary clearance from the lungs of rabbits
Journal Article
·
Mon Nov 30 23:00:00 EST 1987
· Environ. Res.; (United States)
·
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Effect of repeated exposures to nitrogen dioxide and sulfuric acid mist along or in combination of mucociliary clearance from the lungs of rabbits
Journal Article
·
Mon Nov 30 23:00:00 EST 1987
· Environ. Res.; (United States)
·
OSTI ID:5719164
Related Subjects
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
CHALCOGENIDES
CLEARANCE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
EXCRETION
FUNCTIONS
LUNG CLEARANCE
MACROPHAGES
MAMMALS
METABOLISM
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHAGOCYTES
PHAGOCYTOSIS
RABBITS
SOMATIC CELLS
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
CHALCOGENIDES
CLEARANCE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
EXCRETION
FUNCTIONS
LUNG CLEARANCE
MACROPHAGES
MAMMALS
METABOLISM
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHAGOCYTES
PHAGOCYTOSIS
RABBITS
SOMATIC CELLS
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES