Field-test results of aquifer thermal energy storage at St. Paul, Minnesota

Journal Article · Mon Aug 01 04:00:00 EDT 1994 · Journal of Energy Engineering; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9402(1994)120:2(67)· OSTI ID:6990900

Hoyer, M ^[1]; Hallgren, J ^[2]; Eisenreich, S; Sterling, R ^[3]

---

1. Hoyer (M.), White Bear Lake, MN (United States)
2. Univ. of Minnesota, Navarre, MN (United States). Gray Freshwater Biological Inst.
3. Univ. of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (United States). Dept. of Civil Engineering

A field-test facility (FTF) for aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) was designed, constructed, and operated to study the feasibility of moderately high-temperature thermal energy storage in a confined aquifer. The FTF was designed to inject and recover heat at a rate of 5 MW (thermal) using a well doublet spaced at 255 m, operating t a maximum water temperature of 150 C. The wells were completed in the Franconia-Ironton-Galesville confined aquifer at a depth of 182--244 m, which has static water levels about 55 m below the ground surface. A series of four short-term and three long-term cycles showed the technical feasibility of ATES in a confined aquifer at temperatures above 100 C and clarified the ground-water chemistry and thermal interactions of the heated water with the aquifer and its confining beds. From 46% to 67% of the energy added to the injected water was recovered during a cycle. A summary of representative results and findings (with particular emphasis on the final cycle) is provided. A bibliography of project reports and papers is also given.

• DOE Contract Number: AC06-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 6990900
• Journal Information: Journal of Energy Engineering; (United States), Journal Name: Journal of Energy Engineering; (United States) Vol. 120:2; ISSN JLEED9; ISSN 0733-9402
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
250600* -- Energy Storage-- Thermal
AQUIFERS
CHEMISTRY
DESIGN
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
ENERGY RECOVERY
ENERGY STORAGE
EQUIPMENT
FEASIBILITY STUDIES
GROUND WATER
HEAT RECOVERY
HEAT STORAGE
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MINNESOTA
NORTH AMERICA
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PERFORMANCE TESTING
STORAGE
TEST FACILITIES
TESTING
THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE EQUIPMENT
USA
WATER
WATER CHEMISTRY