Molecular ingredients of heterogeneous catalysis
Recent developments of the molecular science of heterogeneous catalysis is reviewed from the surface science side. The investigations utilize mostly small area single crystal catalysts and use the full repertoire of surface science techniques for their characterization. The most frequently used tools for surface characterization include low energy electron diffraction (LEED), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and high resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS). The work horse for the catalytic studies was the low-pressure, high-pressure apparatus. When using model catalysts it is essential to establish if close similarity exists between the behavior of the model and the real catalyst systems. This was found to be the case for several reactions that include the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide over rhodium, the hydrogenation of cyclohexene and the ring opening of cyclopropane. The investigation of several important catalytic reactions included the conversion of hydrocarbons over Pt crystal surfaces, the synthesis of ammonia over iron and rhenium crystals, the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide over iron and rhodium, and the photodissociation of water over TiO/sub 2/, SrTiO/sub 3/ and iron oxides. From these studies three molecular ingredients of heterogeneous catalysis were identified: the atomic structure of the surface, the carbonaceous deposit, and the oxidation state of surface atoms.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Berkeley Lab., CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC03-76SF00098
- OSTI ID:
- 6974752
- Report Number(s):
- LBL-16983; CONF-8311151-1; ON: DE84010707
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
360000* -- Materials
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
AMMONIA
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYSIS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COHERENT SCATTERING
CONVERSION
DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON DIFFRACTION
ELEMENTS
HYDRIDES
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGENATION
METALS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PLATINUM
PLATINUM METALS
SCATTERING
SURFACES
SYNTHESIS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VALENCE