Cogeneration Technology Alternatives Study (CTAS). United Technologies Corporation final report. Volume III: energy conversion system characteristics

Technical Report · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1980

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6972108· OSTI ID:6972108

The Cogeneration Technology Alternatives Study (CTAS) provides data and information in the area of advanced energy conversion systems for industrial cogeneration applications in the 1985-2000 time period. Six current and thirty-six advanced energy conversion systems were defined and combined with appropriate balance-of-plant equipment. Twenty-six industrial processes were selected from among the high energy consuming industries to serve as a framework for the study. Each conversion system was analyzed as a cogenerator with each industrial plant. Fuel consumption, costs, and environmental intrusion were evaluated and compared to corresponding traditional values. Various cogeneration strategies were analyzed and both topping and bottoming (using industrial by-product heat) applications were included. The advanced energy conversion technologies indicated reduced fuel consumption, costs, and emissions. Typically fuel energy savings of 10 to 25% were predicted compared to traditional on-site furnaces and utility electricity. With the variety of industrial requirements, each advanced technology had attractive applications. Overall, fuel cells indicated the greatest fuel energy savings and emission reductions. Gas turbines and combined cycles indicated high overall annual cost savings. Steam turbines and gas turbines produced high estimated returns. In some applications, diesels were most efficient. The advanced technologies used coal-derived fuels, or coal with advanced fluid bed combustion or on-site gasification systems. This volume presents data and information for both current and advanced energy conversion technologies. Included for each are schematic and physical descriptions, performance data, equipment cost estimates, and predicted emissions. In addition technical developments are identified which are needed to achieve commercialization in the 1985-2000 period.

• Research Organization: United Technologies Corp., South Windsor, CT (USA). Power Systems Div.
• DOE Contract Number: AI01-77ET13111
• OSTI ID: 6972108
• Report Number(s): DOE/NASA/0030-80/3
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY
290800 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Heat Utilization-- (1980-)
30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION
300400 -- Thermionic Converters
300500 -- Fuel Cells
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320304* -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Industrial & Agricultural Processes-- Waste Heat Recovery & Utilization
42 ENGINEERING
425000 -- Engineering-- Power Cycles-- (1980-)
BRAYTON CYCLE POWER SYSTEMS
COGENERATION
COMBINED-CYCLE POWER PLANTS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DEUS
DIESEL ENGINES
DIRECT ENERGY CONVERTERS
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMICS
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ENGINES
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
FUEL CELLS
GAS TURBINES
HEAT ENGINES
HEAT SOURCES
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
MACHINERY
PERFORMANCE
POWER GENERATION
POWER PLANTS
POWER SYSTEMS
RANKINE CYCLE POWER SYSTEMS
STEAM GENERATION
STEAM TURBINES
STIRLING ENGINES
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
THERMIONIC CONVERTERS
TURBINES
TURBOMACHINERY
WASTE HEAT UTILIZATION
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION