Recycling electric vehicle batteries in California
- California Environmental Protection Agency, Glendale, CA (United States)
Air pollution modeling has shown that for California to achieve clean air goals, emissions from motor vehicles need to approach zero. Thus, in September 1990, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) approved Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean Fuels regulations. The regulations require that a certain percentage of vehicles offered for sale in California have zero emissions, which today means vehicles powered by energy stored in batteries. Under the rules, major auto manufacturers ({ge} 35,000 annual vehicle sales) must offer for sale 2% of their inventories as zero emission, or electric, vehicles (EVs) by 1998, 5% by 2001, and 10% by 2003. As planning for the development of the electric vehicle takes place, one aspect that must not be ignored concerns the final destinations of spent batteries. All of the most commercially viable batteries for EVs contain hazardous materials, and spent batteries would be considered hazardous wastes in California.Siting and permitting hazardous waste storage and treatment facilities takes up to five years (or more), and thus all parties in California need to begin planning for EV battery waste management. This presentation addresses the recycling capacity currently existing and ranks batteries according to their ability to be recycled and potential effects on the environment.
- OSTI ID:
- 69709
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-950121--; ISBN 0-7803-2459-5
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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