Multiple activation pathways of benzene leading to products with varying genotoxic characteristics

Journal Article · Sat Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 1989 · Environmental Health Perspectives; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.898281· OSTI ID:6967890

Glatt, H; Ludewig, G; Platt, K L; Klein, J; Oesch, F ^[1]; Padykula, R; Berchtold, G A ^[2]

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1. Univ. of Mainz (West Germany)
2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge (USA)

Benzene and 13 potential metabolites were investigated for genotoxicity in Salmonella typhimurium and V79 Chinese hamster cells. In the presence of NADPH-fortified hepatic postmitochondrial fraction (S9 mix), benzene reverted his S. typhimurium strains. The effect was strongest in strain TA1535. Among the potential metabolites, only the trans-1,2-dihydrodiol, in the presence of S9 mix, and the diol epoxides, in the presence and absence of S9 mix, proved mutagenic in this strain. The anti-diol epoxide was more potent than the syndiastereomer. Both enantiomers of the anti-diastereomer showed similar activities. S9 mix did not appreciably affect the mutagenicity of the anti-diol epoxide. However, detoxification was observed when purified rat liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenase was used at concentrations comparable to that present in the liver. Elevated frequencies of micronucleated cells were observed after treatment with hydroquinone, 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene, catechol, phenol, 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene, and quinone. By far the most prominent effect in the whole study was the potent induction of gene mutations by quinone and hydroquinone. This unique and narrow spectrum of genotoxic activities differs from the broad spectrum observed with the antidiol epoxide, suggesting qualitative differences in their interaction with genetic material.

• OSTI ID: 6967890
• Journal Information: Environmental Health Perspectives; (USA), Journal Name: Environmental Health Perspectives; (USA) Vol. 82; ISSN 0091-6765; ISSN EVHPA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
BACTERIA
BENZENE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
BODY
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
ENZYMES
GENE MUTATIONS
GENETIC EFFECTS
GLANDS
HYDROCARBONS
LIVER
MAMMALS
METABOLITES
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTATIONS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDOREDUCTASES
QUINONES
RATS
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SCREENING
VERTEBRATES