Critical phenomena in hydrothermal systems: state, thermodynamic, transport, and electrostatic properties of H/sub 2/O in the critical region

Thesis/Dissertation · Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1987

OSTI ID:6959088

Johnson, J W

Convergence of first partial derivatives, isothermal compressibility and isobaric expansivity, to the critical asymptote effectively controls thermodynamic, electrostatic, and transport properties of fluid H/sub 2/O and dependent transport and chemical processes in hydrothermal systems. The equation of state for fluid H/sub 2/O has been used together with the virial equation of state and predictive equations for the static dielectric constant, thermal conductivity, and dynamic viscosity to present a comprehensive summary of fluid H/sub 2/O properties within and near the critical region. Specifically, predictive formulations and computed values for 21 properties are presented as a series of equations, three-dimensional P-T surfaces, isothermal and isobaric cross-sections, and skeleton tables from 350/sup 0/-475/sup 0/C and 200-450 bar. The properties considered are density, isothermal compressibility, isobaric expansivity, Helmholtz and Gibbs free energies, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, isochoric and isobaric heat capacities, the static dielectric constant, Z, Y, and Q Born functions, dynamic and kinematic viscosity, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and the Prandtl number, the isochoric expansivity-compressibility coefficient, and sound velocity. Resultant extrema that persist well beyond the critical region in isobaric expansivity, isobaric heat capacity, and kinematic viscosity delineate state conditions that define local maxima in fluid and convective heat fluxes in hydrothermal systems; at the critical point, these fluxes are infinite in permeable media. Seemingly trivial variations in near-critical state conditions cause large variations in fluid mass and thermal energy transfer rates and in the state of chemical equilibrium.

• Research Organization: Arizona Univ., Tucson (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6959088
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Thesis (Ph. D.)
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS
WATER
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
COMPRESSIBILITY
CRITICAL PRESSURE
CRITICAL TEMPERATURE
DENSITY
DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
ENTHALPY
ENTROPY
EQUATIONS OF STATE
FREE ENERGY
SPECIFIC HEAT
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
THERMAL DIFFUSIVITY
VARIATIONS
VISCOSITY
ENERGY
ENERGY SYSTEMS
EQUATIONS
GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
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TRANSITION TEMPERATURE
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