Embrittlement studies in austenitic stainless steels
- Oregon Graduate Inst. of Science and Technology, Beaverton, OR (United States)
- Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (United States)
Potential causes for high strain rate induced embrittlement in Type 304 and 316 austenitic SSs have been classified as grain boundary carbide precipitation; grain boundary P segregation; grain boundary martensite formation; and sigma phase precipitation. The impact energy of heats containing a substantial amount of C decreases rapidly as a result of sensitization heat treatment. Temperatures below or above this result in very little embrittlement. Intergranular embrittlement can be produced solely by grain boundary carbide precipitation. Phosphorus played only a secondary role, if any, in the development of IG fracture. No formation of grain boundary a thermal martensite was observed; its presence at the grain boundaries is not required to cause a massive drop in impact toughness. Distribution and morphology of grain boundary carbide precipitates significantly affects the impact toughness of the steels. Carbides formed at high aging temperatures are coarser and the impact drop is not as pronounced as at lower temperatures. Precipitation of sigma from retained delta-ferrite takes place at very short aging times and severely degrade the impact toughness. A maximum of 10% P for 316 SS and 20% P for 304 SS (monolayer coverage) was observed at grain boundaries, not enough to cause embrittlement.
- Research Organization:
- Oregon Graduate Inst. of Science and Technology, Beaverton, OR (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE; USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-86NE37963
- OSTI ID:
- 6958515
- Report Number(s):
- DOE/NE/37963-21; ON: DE93005059
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
360102 -- Metals & Alloys-- Structure & Phase Studies
360103* -- Metals & Alloys-- Mechanical Properties
AGING
ALLOYS
AUSTENITIC STEELS
CARBIDES
CARBON ADDITIONS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEELS
CHROMIUM-NICKEL-MOLYBDENUM STEELS
CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELEMENTS
EMBRITTLEMENT
FERRITE
GRAIN BOUNDARIES
HARDENING
HEAT RESIS
HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS
HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS
HIGH ALLOY STEELS
IMPACT TESTS
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
MARTENSITE
MATERIALS
MATERIALS TESTING
MECHANICAL TESTS
MICROSTRUCTURE
MOLYBDENUM ALLOYS
NICKEL ALLOYS
NONMETALS
PHOSPHORUS
PRECIPITATION HARDENING
PROGRESS REPORT
SEGREGATION
STAINLESS STEEL-304
STAINLESS STEEL-316
STAINLESS STEELS
STEEL-CR17NI12MO3
STEEL-CR19NI10
STEELS
TESTING