Comparison of prices for conventional and advanced storage batteries for residential, commercial, and utility applications
This study evaluated the technical and economic performance of ten battery technologies for use in residential, commercial, and utility size load leveling systems. The batteries chosen for detailed economic analysis were: the low-maintenance lead-acid battery; the maintenance-free lead-acid battery; the nickel-cadmium battery; the zinc-bromine battery; and the lithium-metal sulfide battery. Details of the costing methodology are presented. The results of this comparative life-cycle cost analysis indicate the future potential of the Zn-Br technology for all three system sizes and the near-term attractiveness of the maintenance-free lead-acid technology for the residential and commercial applications.
- Research Organization:
- Gould, Inc., Rolling Meadows, IL (USA). Federal Systems Lab.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76DP00789
- OSTI ID:
- 6945697
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-82-7050; ON: DE82022151
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
250901* -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Design & Development
250904 -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Other Applications
COMMERCIAL SECTOR
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COST
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
ECONOMICS
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTRIC UTILITIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ENERGY STORAGE
LEAD-ACID BATTERIES
LIFE-CYCLE COST
LITHIUM-SULFUR BATTERIES
LOAD MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT
METAL-METAL OXIDE BATTERIES
METAL-NONMETAL BATTERIES
NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERIES
PUBLIC UTILITIES
RESIDENTIAL SECTOR
STORAGE
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
ZINC-BROMINE BATTERIES