Kinetics investigations of atmospheric chemical reactions
Two separate gas-phase kinetics investigations were performed using a low-pressure fast-flow system with mass spectrometer detection. The first part of this research was a study of the atmospheric reactivity of diatomic sulfur, S/sub 2/. Rates of the reactions of sulfur with O, O/sub 2/, O/sub 3/, N/sub 2/O, NO, and NO/sub 2/ were investigated at 409 K and low pressure (0.89-3.0 Torr) in a discharge-flow system with mass spectrometric detection. The second investigation involves a study of the synergistic coupling of atmospheric bromine and chlorine chemistry. Recent measurements of ozone in the stratosphere over Antarctica have shown that the springtime ozone column decreased by 40% from 1960 to 1985. Both dynamical and chemical theories have been advanced to explain the formation of the Antarctic ozone hole. Prominent among these theories is that a synergistic interaction between gas-phase BrO and ClO radicals may be responsible for springtime ozone loss. The overall rate constant for the reaction, BrO + ClO ..-->.. Br + OClO ..-->.. Br + Cl + O/sub 2/ ..-->.. BrCl + O/sub 2/, has been measured over the temperature range 241-408 K. The rate constant for the overall reaction equals (8.2 +/- 1.0) 10/sup -12/ cm/sup 3//molecule s, independent of temperature.
- Research Organization:
- Colorado Univ., Boulder (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6906046
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ACTIVATION ENERGY
ANTARCTIC REGIONS
ANTARCTICA
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
BROMINE
BROMINE COMPOUNDS
BROMINE OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
CHLORINE
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CHLORINE OXIDES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENS
KINETICS
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
NITROUS OXIDE
NONMETALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
POLAR REGIONS
REACTION KINETICS
SPECTROSCOPY
SULFUR
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE