Cytogenetic effects of cigarette smoke on pulmonary alveolar macrophages of the rat

Journal Article · Sat Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1988 · Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/em.2850140106· OSTI ID:6905288

Rithidech, K; Chen, B T; Mauderly, J L; Whorton, Jr, E B; Brooks, A L ^[1]

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1. Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM (USA)

To determine accurately the potential genetic damage induced by toxic inhaled agents, the cells that receive a high concentration of such agents should be analyzed. Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) represent such cells. The authors compared the cytogenetic effects of cigarette smoke on PAMs of rats exposed repeatedly by different methods. This study was part of a larger investigation of the health effects resulting from different methods of exposing rats to cigarette smoke. Fischer 344/N male rats were randomly selected from five different exposure groups. The rats were exposed 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 22-24 days. All smoke-exposed rats received the same daily concentrations {times} time product of cigarette smoke. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with colchicine at the end of exposure. PAMs were obtained by lung lavage and chromosomal damage was measured. Highly significant smoke-induced differences in both structural and numerical aberrations were observed in continuously exposed rats vs. sham controls, regardless route of exposure. The structural aberrations observed were chromatid-type deletions. Both hypoploid and hyperploid cells were detected. The data suggest that cigarette smoke is clastogenic and may disrupt spindle-fiber formation. These activities may play a role in the induction of human carcinogenesis caused by cigarette smoke exposure.

• DOE Contract Number: AC04-76EV01013
• OSTI ID: 6905288
• Journal Information: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis; (USA), Journal Name: Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis; (USA) Vol. 14:1; ISSN EMMUE; ISSN 0893-6692
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGY
BODY
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
COLLOIDS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
CYTOLOGY
DISPERSIONS
GENETIC EFFECTS
INHALATION
INTAKE
KARYOTYPE
LAVAGE
LUNGS
MACROPHAGES
MAMMALS
MUTATIONS
ORGANS
PHAGOCYTES
RATS
RESIDUES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SMOKES
SOLS
SOMATIC CELLS
TOBACCO SMOKES
VERTEBRATES