Helium in deep circulating groundwater in the Great Hungarian Plain: Flow dynamics and crustal and mantle helium fluxes
- Univ. Heidelberg (Germany) Columbia Univ., Palisades, NY (United States)
- Univ. Heidelberg (Germany)
- Columbia Univ., Palisades, NY (United States)
- Water Resources Research Centre, Budapest (Hungary)
Observed helium concentrations in deep circulating groundwater of the sedimentary basin of the Great Hungarian Plain (GHP), Hungary, cover a range of three orders of magnitude ([approx] 4 [center dot] 10[sup [minus]8] to 4 [center dot] 10[sup [minus]15] ccSTP/g). [sup 3]He/[sup 4]He ratios and noble gas concentrations are used to separate helium components originating from the atmosphere, tritium decay, crustal production, and mantle degassing. The characteristic distribution of measured helium concentrations and isotope ratios can be reproduced qualitatively by a simple two-dimensional advection/diffusion model. Other simple models isolating parts of the regional flow domain (recharge, discharge, and horizontal flow) are discussed and applied to derive quantitative information of helium fluxes due to degassing of the Earth's crust/mantle and on the dynamics of groundwater flow. The estimated helium flux of 0.7-4.5 [center dot] 10[sup 9] atoms [sup 4]He m[sup [minus]2] s[sup [minus]1] is lower than values derived from other deep groundwater circulation systems, probably because the relatively young upper few thousand meters of the sedimentary basin (Tertiary to Quaternary age) shield the flux from the deeper crust. The high mantle helium flux of up to 4.2 [center dot] 10[sup 8] atoms [sup 4]He m[sup [minus]2] s[sup [minus]1] is probably related to the Miocene volcanism or to continuing intrusion accompanying extension. By fitting calculated helium depth profiles to measured data in the discharge area, vertical flow velocities of the order of 1.5 mm/y are estimated. Assuming that flux of 0.7-4.5 [center dot] 10[sup 9] atoms [sup 4]He m[sup [minus]2] s[sup [minus]1] is representative for the entire basin, the turnover time of the regional groundwater flow system is estimated to be about 10[sup 6] y.
- OSTI ID:
- 6893509
- Journal Information:
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta; (United States), Vol. 56:5; ISSN 0016-7037
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
GROUND WATER
WATER CHEMISTRY
HELIUM
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
HUNGARY
SEDIMENTARY BASINS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
DEGASSING
EARTH MANTLE
FLOW MODELS
ISOTOPE RATIO
CHEMISTRY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
EASTERN EUROPE
ELEMENTS
EUROPE
FLUIDS
GASES
GEOLOGIC STRUCTURES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
NONMETALS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
RARE GASES
WATER
580000* - Geosciences
152001 - Geothermal Data & Theory- Properties of Aqueous Solutions