Management of intermediate-level radioactive wastes in the United States

Conference · Tue Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 1980

OSTI ID:6892206

Aaberg, R. L.; Lakey, L. T.; Greenborg, J.

While used extensively, the term intermediate-level waste is not a clearly defined waste category. Assuming the ILW includes all radioactive wastes requiring shielding but not ordinarily included in a high-level waste canister, its major sources include power plant operations, spent fuel storage, and spent fuel reprocessing. While the volume is approx. 10/sup 2/ greater than that of high-level waste, ILW contains only approx. 1% of the radioactivity. Power plant waste, constituting approx. 87% of the waste volume, is generally nontransuranic waste. The other approximately 13% from fuel reprocessing is generally transuranic. Intermediate-level wastes fall into the general categories of highly radioactive hardware, failed equipment, HEPA filters, wet wastes, and noncombustible solids. Within each category, however, the waste characteristics can vary widely, necessitating different treatments. The wet wastes, primarily power plant resins and sludges, contribute the largest volume; fuel hulls and core hardware represent the greatest activity. Numerous treatments for intermediate-level wastes are available and have been used successfully. Packaging and transportation systems are also available. Intermediate-level wastes from power plants are disposed of by shallow-land burial. However, the alpha-bearing wastes are being stored pending eventual disposal to a geologic repository or by other means, e.g., intermediate-depth burial, sea disposal. Problem areas associated with intermediate-level wastes include: disposal criteria need to be established; fixation of organic ion exchange resins from power plant operation needs improvement; and reprocessing of LWR fuels will produce ILW considerably different from power plant ILW and requiring different treatment.

• Research Organization: Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland, WA (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: AC06-76RL01830
• OSTI ID: 6892206
• Report Number(s): PNL-SA-8755; CONF-800802-25
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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290600 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Nuclear Energy
ENERGY SOURCES
EQUIPMENT
FUELS
GROUND DISPOSAL
INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTES
ION EXCHANGE
LIQUID WASTES
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
NORTH AMERICA
NUCLEAR FACILITIES
NUCLEAR FUELS
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
PACKAGING
POLLUTANTS
POWER PLANTS
PROCESSING
RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
RADIOACTIVE WASTE DISPOSAL
RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT
RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING
RADIOACTIVE WASTE STORAGE
RADIOACTIVE WASTES
REACTOR MATERIALS
REPROCESSING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLID WASTES
SPENT FUEL STORAGE
SPENT FUELS
STORAGE
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
TRANSPORT
USA
WASTE DISPOSAL
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTE STORAGE
WASTES