Characterization of mineral matter in coals and coal liquefaction residues. Final report
One of the major aims of this program is to characterize organic and mineral components of coals and coal liquefaction residual materials. Relationships are sought between composition and properties of these components and the behavior of specific coals during liquefaction processes. Results show that the residual materials are made up of various organic and inorganic components. The organic phase of these materials is comprised of unaltered or partly reacted coal macerals and carbonaceous slids formed by retrogressive reactions during processing. Inorganic components are coal minerals, pyrrhotite and, in the case of liquefaction and subbituminous Wyodak coal, calcium carbonate precipitates. The exact distribution of all these components is a function of feed coal, and processng conditions (H-Coal or Solvent Refining). Studies have been made into factors which influence retrogressive reactions during Solvent Refining. In the absence of a hydrogen donor, short contact times SRC's form semi-coke more readily than do equivalent long contact time SRC's. Experiments with SRC fractions show that the propensity to undergo retrogressive reactions is strongly influenced by phenolic oxygen functionality and molecular weight. Semi-coke formation is markedly inhibited by hydrogen transfer either by added hydrogen donors or compounds which can shuttle hydrogen. The techniques developed by this project have potential as a means of diagnosing problems or inefficiencies in plant or equipment operation.
- Research Organization:
- Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 6875838
- Report Number(s):
- EPRI-AP-1634
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
COAL
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
COAL LIQUEFACTION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
HYDROGEN TRANSFER
COAL LIQUEFACTION PLANTS
RESIDUES
ACTIVATION ENERGY
ARRHENIUS EQUATION
CALCIUM CARBONATES
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
H-COAL PROCESS
INFRARED SPECTRA
MINERALS
OPTICAL MICROSCOPY
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PARTICLE SIZE
PETROLOGY
PHENOLS
PYRITE
PYRRHOTITE
REDUCTION
SEMICOKE
SRC PROCESS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
AROMATICS
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBONATES
CHALCOGENIDES
COHERENT SCATTERING
DATA
DIFFRACTION
ENERGY
ENERGY SOURCES
EQUATIONS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GEOLOGY
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
INFORMATION
IRON COMPOUNDS
IRON SULFIDES
LIQUEFACTION
MATERIALS
MICROSCOPY
NUMERICAL DATA
ORES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PYRITES
SCATTERING
SIZE
SPECTRA
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR ORES
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
010405* - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction
010600 - Coal
Lignite
& Peat- Properties & Composition