Role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 dose in determining rat 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production

Journal Article · Tue May 01 04:00:00 EDT 1990 · American Journal of Physiology; (USA)

OSTI ID:6871534

Vieth, R; McCarten, K; Norwich, K H ^[1]

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1. Univ. of Toronto, Ontario (Canada)

To understand the relationships among (1) the dose of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in vivo, (2) the activity of 1-hydroxylase in renal mitochondria, and (3) the production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) in vivo, we gave rats different chronic or acute doses of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3). We followed the metabolism of intracardially administered (25-hydroxy-26,27-methyl-3H)cholecalciferol (25(OH)(3H)D3) for 24 h before killing by measuring extracts of serum by chromatography. Specific activity of 1-hydroxylase in kidney was measured at death. In rats given 0-2,000 pmol 25(OH)D3 chronically by mouth, there was a dose-dependent decline in the percent of serum radioactivity made up of 1,25-dihydroxy-(26,27-methyl-3H)cholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2(3H)D3) as well as a decline in mitochondrial 1-hydroxylase, and these correlated significantly (r = 0.83, P less than 0.001). Serum %1,25(OH)2(3H)D3 in this experiment ranged from 0.8 to 42%. A small part of this range could be accounted for by a faster metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of 1,25(OH)2D3 from rats supplemented with 25(OH)D3 (MCR, 2.12 +/- 0.10 ml/min) compared with rats restricted in vitamin D (MCR, 0.94 +/- 0.06 ml/min, P less than 0.001). The activity of 1-hydroxylase was by far the major factor determining serum %1,25(OH)2(3H)D3. When different acute doses of 25(OH)D3 were given to rats with identical specific activities of 1-hydroxylase, the resulting 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations in serum correlated with the 25(OH)D3 dose (r = 0.99, P less than 0.001). We conclude that the behavior of 1-hydroxylase in vivo is analogous to the classic behavior in vitro of an enzyme functioning below its Michaelis constant (Km). The amount of 1-hydroxylase present in renal mitochondria determines the fraction (not simply the quantity) of 25(OH)D metabolized to 1,25(OH)2D3 in vivo.

• OSTI ID: 6871534
• Journal Information: American Journal of Physiology; (USA), Journal Name: American Journal of Physiology; (USA) Vol. 258; ISSN 0002-9513; ISSN AJPHA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

550201* -- Biochemistry-- Tracer Techniques
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ANIMALS
BIOSYNTHESIS
BODY
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CHOLECALCIFEROL
CLEARANCE
ENZYME ACTIVITY
ENZYMES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXYLASES
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
ISOTOPE DILUTION
KIDNEYS
MAMMALS
METABOLISM
MITOCHONDRIA
ORGANOIDS
ORGANS
OXIDOREDUCTASES
RATS
RODENTS
SYNTHESIS
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRITIUM COMPOUNDS
VERTEBRATES
VITAMIN D
VITAMINS