Use advanced methods to treat wastewater
- Litwin Engineers and Constructors, Inc., Houston, TX (United States)
Common sense guidelines offer plausible, progressive techniques to treat wastewater. Because current and pending local, state and federal regulations are ratcheting lower effluent discharge limits, familiar treatment methods, such as biological, don't meet new restrictions. Now operating facilities must combine traditional methods with advanced remedial options such as thermal, physical, electro and chemical treatments. these new techniques remove organics, metals, nonhazardous dissolved salts, etc., but carry higher operating and installation costs. Due to tighter effluent restrictions and pending zero-discharge initiatives, managers of operating facilities must know and understand the complexity, composition and contaminant concentration of their wastewaters. No one-size-fits-all solution exists. However, guidelines can simplify decision making and help operators nominate the most effective and economical strategy to handle their waste situation. The paper describes the common treatment and the importance of alternatives, then describes biological, electro, physical, thermal, and chemical treatments.
- OSTI ID:
- 6844607
- Journal Information:
- Hydrocarbon Processing; (United States), Vol. 73:8; ISSN 0018-8190
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CHEMICAL PLANTS
WATER TREATMENT
PETROLEUM REFINERIES
WASTE WATER
ADSORPTION
AEROBIC DIGESTION
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
COMBUSTION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
ELECTRODEPOSITION
ELECTRODIALYSIS
FILTRATION
ION EXCHANGE
IRRADIATION
MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
OXIDATION
OZONIZATION
PEROXIDES
POLLUTION REGULATIONS
PRECIPITATION
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
ULTRAFILTRATION
BIOCONVERSION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DEPOSITION
DIALYSIS
DIGESTION
ELECTROLYSIS
EVALUATION
EXTRACTION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
LIQUID WASTES
LYSIS
MANAGEMENT
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PROCESSING
REGULATIONS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SORPTION
SURFACE COATING
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTES
WATER
020800* - Petroleum- Waste Management
540220 - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)