Incorporation of cesium by hydrating calcium aluminosilicates

Journal Article · Sun Oct 01 00:00:00 EDT 1989 · Journal of the American Ceramic Society; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06004.x· OSTI ID:6842869

Hoyle, S L; Grutzeck, M W ^[1]

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1. Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA (USA). Materials Research Lab.

This paper reports the leach behavior of cesium from a series of cement-based waste forms modeled in terms of pore solution concentration and phase formation data. Cement-based materials enriched in alumina and silica, and compositionally related glasses, were hydrated in the presence of cesium hydroxide to gauge the degree of partitioning of cesium by the developing hydrates. The compositions of the pore solutions extracted from the cement- based waste forms were compared with corresponding leach data for companion samples. In both pore solution and leachates, the retention of cesium was found to be directly related to the bulk composition of the waste form; the degree of partitioning of cesium by the hydrated phases increased as more alumina and/or silica were added to the formulation, suggesting that cesium-containing phases were forming. Additionally, the leachate concentration of cesium for any given composition was also found to be related to the pore solution concentration. This observation led to the development of a leaching model for cement-based waste forms in which the concentration of cesium in the leachate could be described in terms of pore solution concentration, diffusion, dissolution, and development of cesium host phases. Using this model, effective diffusion coefficients for cesium were calculated to be {approx}2 {times} 10{sup {minus} 7} cm{sup 2} {center dot} s{sup {minus} 1}.

• OSTI ID: 6842869
• Journal Information: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; (USA), Journal Name: Journal of the American Ceramic Society; (USA) Vol. 72:10; ISSN JACTA; ISSN 0002-7820
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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ALKALI METALS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
BUILDING MATERIALS
CEMENTS
CESIUM
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
DISSOLUTION
ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
GLASS
HYDRATION
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
LEACHING
MANAGEMENT
MASS TRANSFER
MATERIALS
METALS
MINERALS
NUCLEAR FACILITIES
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHASE STUDIES
POROSITY
PROCESSING
RADIOACTIVE WASTE FACILITIES
RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING
RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
SOLVATION
WASTE FORMS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
ZEOLITES