Steam gasification of carbonaceous solids catalyzed by a mixture of potassium and nickel oxides below 1000 K

Conference · Wed Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1986 · Prepr. Pap., Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6831018

Carrazza, J; Somorjai, G A; Heinemann, H

The gasification of carbon with water vapor is an important reaction in the industrial production of H/sub 2/, CH/sub 4/, CO and CO/sub 2/. The use of catalysts is necessary if the process is carried out at temperatures below 1400 K. Two recent reviews discuss the properties of the various catalysts used for this purpose. Alkaline and alkaline-earth hydroxides and carbonates are the catalysts most commonly studied. These compounds only show catalytic activity at temperatures above 1000 K. Previous work shows that below this temperature KOH reacts stochiometrically with graphite and water vapor to produce H/sub 2/ and a stable surface compound. Transition metals, in particular nickel and iron, are able to catalyse this process at temperatures as low as 750 K, but they deactivate much faster than the alkaline and alkaline-earth salts. Several authors have reported that nickel and iron are only active as catalysts for this process if the reaction conditions favors their presence in the metallic state. The authors have recently reported that several mixtures of a transition metal oxide with potassium hydroxide are excellent catalysts for the gasification of graphite with steam. These catalysts are active at temperatures much lower than the alkaline and alkaline-earth salts and they deactivate more slowly than nickel and iron. In this previous publication it was shown that there is a synergistic effect between the transition metal and potassium. This communication summarizes recent results in the study of this type of catalyst. The authors have focused on the use of mixtures of potassium hydroxide and nickel oxide, since they showed the highest activity of all the systems previously studied.

• Research Organization: Materials and Molecular Research Div., Lawrence Berkeley Lab., Univ. of California, Berkeley, CA 94720
• DOE Contract Number: AC03-76SF00098
• OSTI ID: 6831018
• Report Number(s): CONF-8609181-
• Conference Information: Journal Name: Prepr. Pap., Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem.; (United States) Journal Volume: 31:3
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010404* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Gasification
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKANES
CARBON
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARS
COAL GASIFICATION
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
ELEMENTS
FLUIDS
GASES
GASIFICATION
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
HYDROXIDES
IONIZING RADIATIONS
METHANE
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
NICKEL OXIDES
NONMETALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
POTASSIUM COMPOUNDS
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDES
POTASSIUM OXIDES
PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS
RADIATIONS
SPECTROSCOPY
STEAM
SYNERGISM
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
VAPORS
WATER VAPOR
X RADIATION