Application of microwave cavity perturbation techniques to a study of the kinetics of reactions in the liquid phase
The room temperature liquid phase bromination of benzene with iodine as catalyst was chosen for the present study. These substances have no dipole moments but bromobenzene and hydrobromic acid have dipole moments of 1.52 and 0.78 D, respectively. The reaction mixture was poured into a quartz cell which was then closed tightly. Replicated microwave readings were taken at various time intervals, with intermittent shaking of the tube to ensure homogeneity. The reaction was stopped after 2.5 h by pouring the contents into excess potassium iodide. Total free halogen was estimated by titration against standard sodium thiosulfate solution using starch as indicator. This titration provided the means for estimating the constant for common product concentration. The microwave absorption data determine only a quantity proportional to the product concentration. The conversion in the substitution reaction is shown as a function of time. The order of the reaction with respect to the total amount of bromine is ca 0.75. 3 figures.
- Research Organization:
- California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena
- DOE Contract Number:
- AT(04-3)-767
- OSTI ID:
- 6797656
- Journal Information:
- J. Phys. Chem.; (United States), Vol. 74:14
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
BENZENE
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
BROMINATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
BROMINE
HYDROBROMIC ACID
IODINE
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CATALYSTS
LIQUIDS
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE
MICROWAVE RADIATION
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
TIME DEPENDENCE
AROMATICS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTS
FLUIDS
HALOGENATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
HALOGENS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INORGANIC ACIDS
NONMETALS
ORGANIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
RADIATIONS
YIELDS
400301* - Organic Chemistry- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties- (-1987)