Methyl ester from safflower seed oil of Turkish origin as a biofuel for diesel engines
- Istanbul Tech. Univ. (Turkey)
The primary problems associated with the use of pure vegetable oils as fuels in compression ignition (Diesel) engines are caused by high fuel viscosity. Transesterification of the oil with short-chain alcohols (such as methanol or ethanol) to corresponding fatty esters is the most promising solution to the high-viscosity problem. In this work, the transesterification method was applied to crude safflower seed oil of Turkish origin using methanol. The variables affecting the monoester yield, such as: (1) Molar ratio of alcohol to vegetable oil; (2) Reaction temperature; and (3) Type and amount of alkali catalyst used were investigated. In the presence of 1.0 wt% KOH as the reaction catalyst, 97.7% ester yield was achieved within 18 min at a reaction temperature of 69 [+-] 1[degrees]C using 1:7 vegetable oil-alcohol molar ratio. A significant improvement was observed in viscosity and other physical properties with the ester product compared to the parent vegetable oil. ASTM fuel properties of the methyl ester product were in accordance with those obtained for commercial Grade No.2-D diesel fuel. 25 refs., 5 figs., 2 tabs.
- OSTI ID:
- 6771310
- Journal Information:
- Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology; (United States), Vol. 45-46; ISSN 0273-2289
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
09 BIOMASS FUELS
CARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS
COMBUSTION
DIESEL FUELS
FUEL SUBSTITUTION
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
ESTERIFICATION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DISTILLATES
ENERGY SOURCES
ESTERS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GAS OILS
LIQUID FUELS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES
PETROLEUM FRACTIONS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
YIELDS
330800* - Emission Control- Alternative Fuels
330102 - Internal Combustion Engines- Diesel
400201 - Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
091000 - Biomass Fuels- Properties & Composition- (1990-)