Ion beam studies of hydrogen in metals
Methods based on ion implantation and nuclear reaction analysis were used to investigate the behavior of hydrogen isotopes in metals. The binding enthalpy of deuterium (D) at irradiation effects, He bubbles, D/sub 2/ bubbles, and metal-oxide interfaces was measured for Al, Fe, Ni, Cu, Pd, austenitic stainless steel, Inconel, and amorphous Fe/sub 40/Ni/sub 40/P/sub 14/B/sub 6/. The binding enthalpies determined for the pure metals are in excellent agreement with mechanistic calculations based on effective-medium theory and other information. Surface-limited release of D from Fe, stainless steel, and Inconel was measured as a function of temperature and the state of surface oxidation. The release rate was accurately proportional to the square of the D concentration in solution, permitting the results to be expressed in terms of a surface recombination coefficient. This quantity was up to four orders of magnitude greater for an ion-sputtered surface than for a surface with electropolish oxide. The diffusion coefficient and solid solubility of tritium in stainless steel were measured for the first time at the ice point, thereby extending downward by three orders of magnitude the diffusivities available from conventional permeation experiments. Deuterium concentration profiles resulting from electrochemical charging of Incoloy 903 were measured as a function of charging current, thereby providing a direct, systematic calibration of such charging in an austenitic material where conventional permeation measurements are precluded by the small hydrogen diffusion rate.
- Research Organization:
- Sandia National Labs., Albuquerque, NM (USA); Aarhus Univ. (Denmark). Inst. of Physics; Sandia National Labs., Livermore, CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC04-76DP00789
- OSTI ID:
- 6769151
- Report Number(s):
- SAND-84-1052C; CONF-8409130-1; ON: DE84017422
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: International conference on surface modification of metals by ion beams, Heidelberg, F.R. Germany, 17 Sep 1984; Other Information: Portions are illegible in microfiche products
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Trapping and surface permeation of deuterium in Fe, Ni, and stainless steel: an ion-beam study
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Related Subjects
ALUMINIUM
PERMEABILITY
DEUTERIUM
BINDING ENERGY
INCOLOY ALLOYS
INCONEL ALLOYS
IRON
NICKEL
STAINLESS STEELS
TRITIUM
DIFFUSION
SOLUBILITY
BUBBLES
HELIUM
ION BEAMS
ION IMPLANTATION
NUCLEAR REACTION ANALYSIS
TRAPPING
ALLOYS
BEAMS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY
FLUIDS
GASES
HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS
HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS
HYDROGEN ISOTOPES
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
ISOTOPES
LIGHT NUCLEI
MATERIALS
METALS
NICKEL ALLOYS
NICKEL BASE ALLOYS
NONMETALS
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
RADIOISOTOPES
RARE GASES
STABLE ISOTOPES
STEELS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
360104* - Metals & Alloys- Physical Properties