Interactive effects of enhanced tropospheric ozone and carbon dioxide on wheat and corn
Thesis/Dissertation
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OSTI ID:6759143
Concomitant increases of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO[sub 2]) and ozone (O[sub 3]) have been observed during the last century and are predicted to continue to increase. This study seeks to expand understanding of the interactive effects of CO[sub 2] enrichment and O[sub 3] induced stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum) and corn (Zea mays). Field experiments were conducted at USDA Beltsville Agricultural Research Center during 1991 (wheat and corn) and 1992 (wheat). Crops were grown in open-top chambers supplied with charcoal filtered air (CF) or CF + 40 ppb O[sub 3] above ambient O[sub 3] concentration (7h day[sup [minus]1], 5 days week[sup [minus]1]) having CO[sub 2] concentrations of ambient (350 ppm CO[sub 2]) or +150 ppm CO[sub 2] (12 h day[sup [minus]1]). Wheat photosynthesis rates (PS) under enriched CO[sub 2] were stimulated by 11% and 7% in 1991 and 1992, respectively. High O[sub 3] exposures reduced wheat PS by 10% and 6% for 1991 and 1992, respectively. Interaction effects between the two gases on PS were not significant. The results indicated that CO[sub 2] enrichment had a physiological beneficial effect in wheat (C[sub 3] crop) but not in corn (C[sub 4] crop). Increases in O[sub 3] concentrations reduced production of both, wheat and corn. It is likely that stress induced by exposure to O[sub 3] in both crops will be reduced under increased atmospheric CO[sub 2] concentrations; however, maximal benefits in crop production in wheat in response to CO[sub 2] enrichment will not materialize under concomitant increases in tropospheric O[sub 3] concentration.
- Research Organization:
- Maryland Univ., College Park, MD (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 6759143
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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