Oil shale retorting: kinetics of the decomposition of carbonate minerals and subsequent reaction of CO/sub 2/ with char
The kinetics of the decomposition of the major carbonate minerals and subsequent reaction of CO/sub 2/ with char in Colorado oil shale have been studied by nonisothermal methods. These experiments have been carried out using heating rates and CO/sub 2/ pressures expected during typical in situ combustion retorting. The mineral species studied include nahcolite dawsonite, dolomite (ankerite), and calcite. Activation energies and pre-exponential factors characterizing the decomposition rate constants for the above minerals are given; these engineering rate data are expressed in a form amenable for use in mathematical models of the retorting process. The kinetics for the important reaction of calcite with quartz in oil shale is also discussed. Rate constants are reported for the reaction of CO/sub 2/ with residual organic carbon (char) in the retorted oil shale. This reaction is shown to be coupled to mineral decomposition. Removal of the carbonate minerals causes the reactivity of the char to drop by more than an order of magnitude. A dependence of the reactivity on the heating rate of the char generation is also observed.
- Research Organization:
- California Univ., Livermore (USA). Lawrence Livermore Lab.
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 6743364
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-80545; CONF-780460-2
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
040401* -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- In Situ Methods
True & Modified
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
CALCITE
CALCIUM CARBONATES
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBONATE ROCKS
CARBONATES
CARBONIZATION
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COLORADO
COMBUSTION
DAWSONITE
DECOMPOSITION
DOLOMITE
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROXIDES
IN-SITU COMBUSTION
IN-SITU PROCESSING
MAGNESIUM CARBONATES
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MINERALS
MODIFIED IN-SITU PROCESSES
NAHCOLITE
NORTH AMERICA
OIL SHALES
OXIDATION
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PROCESSING
PYROLYSIS
RESERVOIR ROCK
RETORTING
ROCKS
ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION
SODIUM COMPOUNDS
SODIUM MINERALS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
USA