Inflammation and asthma
Journal Article
·
· J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.; (United States)
Extreme sensitivity of airways to multiple stimuli characterizes asthma. Airway hyperresponsiveness can be produced experimentally in otherwise healthy subjects or animals by inflammatory damage (e.g., induced by respiratory viruses or by inhaled oxidants). Evidence is presented that cell-to-cell interactions play an important role in experimental hyperreactivity and that similar inflammatory cascades may play a similar role in clinical asthma. Although the importance of epithelial cells and neutrophils has been identified in the present studies, other inflammatory mechanisms (e.g., sensory nerve release of substance P, epithelial mast cells, eosinophils) may also play key roles. In exercise-induced bronchospasm, the stimulus (e.g., cooling or drying) must affect a cell (e.g., one near the epithelial surface) by decreasing temperature or by increasing osmolality. This signal may cause mediator release and a subsequent cascade, leading to contraction of smooth muscle. Environmental irritants (e.g., ozone) inhaled during exercise may potentiate these effects by producing further inflammation.
- Research Organization:
- University of California, San Francisco
- OSTI ID:
- 6742706
- Journal Information:
- J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.; (United States) Vol. 73:5; ISSN JACIB
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
550900 -- Pathology
560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
ARACHIDONIC ACID
ASTHMA
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
DISEASES
DOGS
EXERCISE
LEUKOCYTES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
MAN
MATERIALS
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OZONE
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PRIMATES
PROSTAGLANDINS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
VERTEBRATES
560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
ARACHIDONIC ACID
ASTHMA
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
DISEASES
DOGS
EXERCISE
LEUKOCYTES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
MAN
MATERIALS
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OZONE
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PRIMATES
PROSTAGLANDINS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DISEASES
VERTEBRATES