Bioremediation. Book chapter
Technical Report
·
OSTI ID:6727441
Bioremediation is defined in the article as the process by which microorganisms are stimulated to rapidly degrade hazardous organic contaminants to environmentally safe levels in soils, subsurface materials, water, sludges, and residues. Stimulation is achieved by the addition of nutrients and a terminal electron acceptor, usually oxygen, because most biological reactions occur faster under aerobic than anaerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, nitrate has been used as the terminal electron acceptor. The microorganisms use the contaminants as a food source and convert the contaminants into biomass and harmless by-products of metabolism such as CO2 and inorganic salts. Usually bioremediation is used to degrade contaminants that are sorbed to surfaces or dissolved in water rather than to degrade pure chemical(s). As a result, the process is used in conjunction with other techniques in remediation of contaminated sites. The contaminants can be biodegraded in situ or removed and placed in a bioreactor, which can be placed off or at the site where the contamination occurred.
- Research Organization:
- Environmental Protection Agency, Ada, OK (United States). Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Lab.
- OSTI ID:
- 6727441
- Report Number(s):
- PB-93-149193/XAB; EPA--600/A-93/004
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
Geochemical indicators of intrinsic bioremediation
Bioremediation of Petroleum and Radiological Contaminated Soils at the Savannah River Site: Laboratory to Field Scale Applications
Microbial Studies Supporting Implementation of In Situ Bioremediation at TAN
Journal Article
·
Tue Feb 28 23:00:00 EST 1995
· Ground Water
·
OSTI ID:31788
Bioremediation of Petroleum and Radiological Contaminated Soils at the Savannah River Site: Laboratory to Field Scale Applications
Conference
·
Mon Jun 07 00:00:00 EDT 2004
·
OSTI ID:825210
Microbial Studies Supporting Implementation of In Situ Bioremediation at TAN
Technical Report
·
Tue Oct 31 23:00:00 EST 2000
·
OSTI ID:911020
Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540220* -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AEROBIC CONDITIONS
ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS
AQUIFERS
BIOCHEMISTRY
BIODEGRADATION
BIOMASS
BY-PRODUCTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COMPOSTING
CONTAMINATION
CONTROL
DECOMPOSITION
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOOD
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
INVESTIGATIONS
LAND POLLUTION CONTROL
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
METABOLISM
MICROORGANISMS
NONMETALS
NUTRIENTS
OXYGEN
POLLUTION CONTROL
PROCESSING
REMEDIAL ACTION
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
RESIDUES
SALTS
SLUDGES
SOILS
STIMULATION
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
540220* -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
AEROBIC CONDITIONS
ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS
AQUIFERS
BIOCHEMISTRY
BIODEGRADATION
BIOMASS
BY-PRODUCTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COMPOSTING
CONTAMINATION
CONTROL
DECOMPOSITION
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOOD
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
INVESTIGATIONS
LAND POLLUTION CONTROL
MANAGEMENT
MATERIALS
METABOLISM
MICROORGANISMS
NONMETALS
NUTRIENTS
OXYGEN
POLLUTION CONTROL
PROCESSING
REMEDIAL ACTION
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
RESIDUES
SALTS
SLUDGES
SOILS
STIMULATION
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL