Simulated stratospheric ozone depletion and increased ultraviolet radiation: effects on photocarcinogenesis in hairless mice
Solar ultraviolet radiation at the surface of the earth is a recognized cause of skin cancer. Postulated anthropogenic reductions in the thickness of the ozone layer would lead to an increased amount of ultraviolet radiation and hence would be expected to increase the risk of skin carcinogenesis. This study uses hairless (Skh:HR) mice as an animal model to study this increased risk. The mice were exposed 5 days/week to graded doses of ultraviolet radiation from a xenon arc lamp attenuated by five different thicknesses of Schott glass filters (WG320) to simulate various ozone layer thicknesses. A Robertson-Berger sunburning ultraviolet meter was used as one of the forms of dosimetry. These results indicate that the effective dose for skin cancer induction may be estimated from the Robertson-Berger meter dose but that the Robertson-Berger meter response spectrum underestimates the photocarcinogenic effectiveness of the shorter wavelengths. The cumulative tumor yield data are also consistent with these conclusions. Alternate weighting of the source spectra with the acute-response action spectrum for mouse skin edema gave a better correlation between unit dose and time to a tumor response, independent of the source spectral distribution. This suggests that the mouse skin edema action spectrum, indistinguishable from a human skin erythema action spectrum for lambda greater than 295 nm, is similar in shape to the mouse skin photocarcinogenesis action spectrum for lambda greater than 295 nm.
- Research Organization:
- Center for Photobiology, Temple University Health Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- OSTI ID:
- 6702443
- Journal Information:
- Cancer Res.; (United States), Vol. 42:7
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS//MATHEMATICS, COMPUTING, AND INFORMATION SCIENCE
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
SKIN
CARCINOGENESIS
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
ATTENUATION
BIOLOGICAL MODELS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DOSEMETERS
EARTH ATMOSPHERE
EDEMA
MICE
NEOPLASMS
OZONE
PHOTOCHEMISTRY
RADIATION DOSES
RISK ASSESSMENT
SENSITIVITY
SIMULATION
TIME DEPENDENCE
ANIMALS
BODY
CHEMISTRY
DISEASES
DOSES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
MAMMALS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
ORGANS
PATHOGENESIS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
RADIATIONS
RODENTS
SYMPTOMS
VERTEBRATES
560305* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)
552000 - Public Health
500200 - Environment
Atmospheric- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)