State of the art address oncogenes and tumor-suppressing genes
Cancer has a myriad of causes but, whatever the cause, the changes that result in neoplasia are usually genetic. Although not all DNA damage results in cancer, evidence implicates two broad classes of genes in carcinogenesis. The first class, oncogenes are genes that cause cancer. An oncogene results when there is increased and/or changed expression of the proto-oncogene. Oncogenes are dominant: when activated, they predominate over the activity of any normal alleles in the cell. Thus oncogenes act directly to cause cancer. The second class of genes associated with cancer are tumor-suppressing genes, which either code directly for, or control expression of a wide spectrum of tissue-specific differentiation antigens. Malignancy occurs in a specific cell type when expression of an appropriate tumor-suppressing gene is, homozygously, seriously distorted or completely lacking. Tumor suppressing genes also appear to regulate expression of a third, uncharacterized group of cancer-related genes that act in a recessive manner and are not expressed in the presence of the tumor-suppressing genes. We will first discuss oncogenes, then the tumor-suppressing genes. Experimental data will be used to illustrate key features of the carcinogenic process.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (USA)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE/ER
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 6698984
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-SA-16891; CONF-9005256-1; ON: DE90015550
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 7. annual veterinary medicine forum, San Diego, CA (USA), 25-28 May 1990
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ANIMALS
NEOPLASMS
GENE REPRESSORS
CARCINOGENESIS
MAN
ONCOGENES
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
DNA ADDUCTS
GENE MUTATIONS
GENE REGULATION
GENETIC EFFECTS
GENETICS
GROWTH FACTORS
HEREDITARY DISEASES
INHIBITION
MUTAGENESIS
ONCOGENIC TRANSFORMATIONS
ONCOGENIC VIRUSES
ADDUCTS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGY
CELL TRANSFORMATIONS
DISEASES
GENES
MAMMALS
MICROORGANISMS
MITOGENS
MUTATIONS
NUCLEOPROTEINS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PARASITES
PATHOGENESIS
PRIMATES
PROTEINS
VERTEBRATES
VIRUSES
550400* - Genetics
550900 - Pathology