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Electron density models of the ionosphere

Journal Article · · Rev. Geophys. Space Phys.; (United States)

Electron density data show a strong variation in space, time, and geophysical conditions. Empirical models were established to describe this space-time variation over an 11-year solar cycle. The international reference profiles of URSI and COSPAR provide electron densities in the altitude range 54--1000 km at specific locations and times. Global variations of the F/sub 2/, f/sub 1/, and E layers were mapped for long-term predictions of the ionospheric characteristic by the Comite Consultatif International des Radio-communications and NOAA. On the basis of these analyses, several models of the bottomside ionosphere were constructed covering the whole altitude range down to the D layer. Since the advent of ionospheric satellites the models are being extended to higher altitudes. The Bent model, the model of Ching and Chiu, and the Nisbet model contain the height interval from approximately 100 to 1000 km. These models are presently among the most general setups available. A similar model was recently developed at the University of Bonn. It covers the altitude range from about 60 to 3500 km and is based upon rocket data, ionograms, and satellite observations. A comparison of the latter models shows a reasonable agreement despite their different analytical and observational foundations.

Research Organization:
Astronomical Institutes, University of Bonn, 5300 Bonn Federal Republic of Germany
OSTI ID:
6695263
Journal Information:
Rev. Geophys. Space Phys.; (United States), Journal Name: Rev. Geophys. Space Phys.; (United States) Vol. 16:3; ISSN RGPSB
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English