Hot process water softening for thermal recovery programs

Journal Article · Mon Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1965 · Prod. Mon.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6694211

Crawford, P B

The technique of using hot process softening to reduce the hardness of water for thermal recovery programs represents an extension of the chemical principles which occur at low temperatures. At higher temperatures the solubilities are such that much greater hardness reduction can be brought about by treating the water hot than by treating it cold. For certain types of water, the hot process permits variations in treatment that would not be economical in the cold process. The hot process provides heating, deaerating, silica and hardness removal alkalinity adjustment, turbidity reduction, etc. The principal chemicals used are lime and soda ash. In separate types of treatment, magnesium oxide or other soluble magnesium salts may be used to remove silica and gypsum in order to treat sodium bicarbonate water. The hot process may be used to treat sulfate waters using barium followed by softening with phosphates or phosphoric acids. The hot process may be used to treat sulfate waters with barium followed by softening with phosphates or phosphoric acids. Heating helps to remove the dissolved gases.

• OSTI ID: 6694211
• Journal Information: Prod. Mon.; (United States), Journal Name: Prod. Mon.; (United States) Vol. 29:3; ISSN PROMA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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