Promoter modifications of catalytic activity and selectivity: Final report for period April 1, 1982-September 30, 1986

Technical Report · Wed Jan 21 04:00:00 EST 1987

OSTI ID:6687414

Falconer, J L

The interaction of alkali promoters with supported nickel catalysts and the effects of alkali on CO and CO/sub 2/ hydrogenation were studied. Differential reactor studies, temperature-programmed desorption and reaction (TPD, TPR) with mass spectrometric detection, isotope labeling, static chemisorption, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used. The studies found that the alkali promoters significantly modify the activity and selectivity of supported nickel, and these modifications depend strongly on the support. Nickel catalysts with a range of nickel loadings and a range of potassium loadings were studied on SiO/sub 2/, Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, TiO/sub 2/, and SiO/sub 2/-Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ supports. Nickel powders were also used to separate the effect of the support. Two reaction sites were identified on Ni/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ catalysts and these sites were found to be significantly influenced by weight loading and promoter concentration. For SiO/sub 2/- and Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/-supported catalysts the K/Ni ratio was shown to not be a valid measure of promoter concentration on the active surface. The effect of alkali was studied as a function of the support, of K/Ni and K/support ratios, and of reduction temperature for Ni/TiO/sub 2/ catalysts. On Ni/SiO/sub 2/ the effects on the individual reaction steps were also measured and both carbon and carbon hydrogenation were dramatically slowed by potassium. Both CO and CO/sub 2/ hydrogenation are found to follow similar mechanisms, and good agreement was obtained between reaction on promoted nickel powders and studies by others on promoted single crystal surfaces.

• Research Organization: Colorado Univ., Boulder (USA). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
• DOE Contract Number: FG02-84ER13217
• OSTI ID: 6687414
• Report Number(s): DOE/ER/13217-3; ON: DE87007539
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

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37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
ADSORPTION
ALKALI METALS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CATALYST SUPPORTS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DATA
DESORPTION
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
ELEMENTS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
HYDROGEN
HYDROGENATION
INFORMATION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
LABELLING
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
METALS
MINERALS
NICKEL
NONMETALS
NUMERICAL DATA
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
POTASSIUM
PROMOTERS
RADIATIONS
SILICA
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
SORPTION
SPECTROSCOPY
SURFACE AREA
SURFACE PROPERTIES
TITANIUM COMPOUNDS
TITANIUM OXIDES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
X RADIATION