In situ retorting of oil shale
Disclosed are a method and apparatus for the in situ retorting of oil shale and purification products comprising establishing an underground in situ retort containing a mass of rubblized matter comprising oil shale and establishing a flame front within the rubblized matter. Oxygen containing gas comprising at least about 90 weight percent oxygen and diluent are passed into the reto to support combustion and form combustion gases suitable for the retorting of the rubblized mass and formation of off-gas comprising hydrogen, hydrocarbons, and contaminants. Off-gas comprising hydrogen, hydrocarbons, and contaminants is recovered from the retort and hydrocarbons and contaminants are substantially separated from at least a portion of the off-gas to produce a purified gas stream comprising hydrogen. At least a portion of the purified gas stream is passed to one or more conversion zones wherein shale oil is contacted with a stream comprising purified gas stream in the presence of a conversion catalyst at conversion conditions so as to substantially reduce the amount of nitrogen and sulfur contained in the shale oil.
- Assignee:
- Gulf Oil Corp.; Standard Oil Co. (Indiana)
- Patent Number(s):
- US 4353418
- OSTI ID:
- 6683843
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
Similar Records
In situ retorting of oil shale and energy recovery
In situ retorting of oil shale
Related Subjects
040401* -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- In Situ Methods
True & Modified
ARSENIC
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COMBUSTION
DECOMPOSITION
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLAME PROPAGATION
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HYDROGEN
IN-SITU PROCESSING
IN-SITU RETORTING
KEROGEN
MATERIALS
MINERAL OILS
NITROGEN
NONMETALS
OFF-GAS SYSTEMS
OIL SHALES
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC MATTER
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
OXIDES
OXYGEN
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PROCESSING
PURIFICATION
RETORTING
SEMIMETALS
SHALE OIL
STEAM
SULFUR
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES