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X-ray Couette shear cell for nonequilibrium structural studies of complex fluids under flow

Journal Article · · Review of Scientific Instruments; (United States)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1144085· OSTI ID:6669697
 [1];  [2];  [1];  [3]
  1. Exxon Research Engineering Company, Annandale, New Jersey 08801 (United States)
  2. Materials and Physics Departments, and the Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 (United States)
  3. American Design Corporation, 1 Bay Street, Stirling, New Jersey 07980 (United States)
+ Show Author Affiliations

We have designed and constructed a sealed, temperature-controlled Couette-type shear cell which allows us to carry out [ital in] [ital situ] synchrotron x-ray scattering studies of the nonequilibrium structures of complex fluids under flow, probing lengths ranging from the nanometer to the semimacroscopic micron scale. The sealed design allows the cell to be tilted, facilitating the scanning of all directions in reciprocal space. In contrast to existing neutron shear cells, we access the shear plane containing the velocity and the velocity gradient. The temperature control of the cell enables us to carry out phase transition studies far from equilibrium. The complex fluid systems which may be studied with this cell include thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals, microemulsions, and polymeric fluids. Recent results on the nematic and smectic-[ital A] phases of a liquid crystal, and the disordered bicontinuous [ital L][sub 3] phases of surfactant membranes in the vicinity of the ordered lamellar [ital L][sub [alpha]] phase under flow, are presented.

OSTI ID:
6669697
Journal Information:
Review of Scientific Instruments; (United States), Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments; (United States) Vol. 64:5; ISSN 0034-6748; ISSN RSINAK
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

440101* -- Radiation Instrumentation-- General Detectors or Monitors & Radiometric Instruments
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
ACCELERATORS
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
COHERENT SCATTERING
COUETTE FLOW
CYCLIC ACCELERATORS
DIFFRACTION
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
EQUIPMENT
FLOW VISUALIZATION
FLUID FLOW
IONIZING RADIATIONS
NSLS
RADIATION SOURCES
RADIATIONS
SAMPLE HOLDERS
SCATTERING
SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
SYNCHROTRON RADIATION SOURCES
SYNCHROTRONS
VISCOUS FLOW
X RADIATION
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
X-RAY EQUIPMENT