Cellular differentiation in the anamniota. III. Effects of Actinomycin D and cyanide on the morphogenesis of Fundulus

Journal Article · Sat Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1966 · Exp. Cell Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(66)90453-8· OSTI ID:6667296

Crawford, R B

Fertilized eggs and embryos of Fundulus heteroclitus reared in solutions of Actinomycin D for 24 hr exhibited stikingly different failures of morphogenesis dependent upon the time of initiation of the treatment. While morphogenesis was irreversibly inhibited cellular differentiation occurred. These two areas of development are therefore separable in time. The most severe effects, failure of gastrulation and axiation, occurred when the incubation period began immediately upon fertilization. Failure of cephalogenesis occurred when the incubation period began 1 hr after fertilization. Incubation of later onset (2 hr) led to microcephaly. Incubation beginning at blastulation had no effect on embryogenesis. Preincubation in cyanide until high blastula (stage 9) followed by incubation in Actinomycin D, led to failure of axiation similar in all details to the effect seen with incubation in Actinomycin D which included the first hour after fertilization. The Actinomycin D sensitive period of development therefore is dependent upon aerobic metabolism. A serial order of morphogenetic effects has been demonstrated by these inhibition studies: failure of gastrulation, axiation, cephalogenesis. Incubation of sperm in Actinomycin D prior to fertilization led to a severe mortality but no effect on morphogenesis in the survivors. Incubation of eggs, or eggs and sperm, led to failure of development past the blastula. The implications of these data on the synthesis of morphogenetically meaningful macromolecules is discussed. 27 references, 14 figures.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
• OSTI ID: 6667296
• Journal Information: Exp. Cell Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Exp. Cell Res.; (United States) Vol. 44; ISSN ECREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTINOMYCIN
ANIMALS
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS
ANTIBIOTICS
ANTIMITOTIC DRUGS
ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CYANIDES
DRUGS
FISHES
ONTOGENESIS
VERTEBRATES