Effect of cadmium on nodulation and N/sub 2/(C/sub 2/H/sub 2/)-fixation by dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. )
Experiments were conducted to determine the toxicity of Cd on the nodulation, N/sub 2/(C/sub 2/H/sub 2/)-fixation, and growth of dry beans. Plants were grown in the greenhouse with hydroponic solutions to which 0 to 500 ..mu..m Cd/liter had been added. The total N content of shoots, nodule weight, nodule number, and N/sub 2/(C/sub 2/H/sub 2/)-fixation were significantly decreased at 10 ..mu..m Cd/liter. Nodulation was completely inhibited at 500 ..mu..m Cd/liter. Nodulation and the N/sub 2/(C/sub 2/H/sub 2/)-fixation rate were negatively correlated with solution Cd concentration (r = -0.97). Cadmium uptake and translocation were slow; therefore, Cd levels were highest in the roots, much lower in the nodules, and lowest in the shoot tissue. For example, at 20 ..mu..m Cd/liter, respective tissue Cd levels averaged 431, 80, and 35 ..mu..g Cd/g, on a dry weight basis. Cadmium levels in roots or shoots from comparable Cd treatments were essentially the same whether the plants obtained their N by fixation or from nutrient solution NO/sub 3/. Root Cd concentrations were exponentially correlated with nodule number, nodule weight, and acetylene reduction, with correlation coefficients of -0.99, -0.99, and -0.97, respectively. Shoot Cd concentrations were logarithmically correlated with nodule number, nodule weight, and acetylene reduction, with correlation coefficients of -0.89, -0.91, and -0.84, respectively.
- Research Organization:
- Washington State Univ., Pullman
- OSTI ID:
- 6619093
- Journal Information:
- J. Environ. Qual.; (United States), Vol. 10:1
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CADMIUM
BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION
TOXICITY
PHASEOLUS
NITROGEN FIXATION
PLANT GROWTH
ACETYLENE
CONTAMINATION
DATA COMPILATION
FOOD CHAINS
NITRATES
NITROGENASE
NUTRIENTS
PLANT TISSUES
ROOTS
UPTAKE
ALKYNES
DATA
ELEMENTS
ENZYMES
GROWTH
HYDROCARBONS
INFORMATION
LEGUMINOSAE
METALS
NITRO-GROUP DEHYDROGENASES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDOREDUCTASES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PLANTS
560303* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Plants- (-1987)
510200 - Environment
Terrestrial- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (-1989)