Zinc halide hydrocracking process for distillate fuels from coal. Annual technical progress report, February 1, 1977--January 31, 1978

Technical Report · Mon Feb 20 04:00:00 EST 1978

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6609731· OSTI ID:6609731

Pell, M.; Parker, W. A.; Maskew, J. T.; Zielke, C. W.; Struck, R. T.

The major efforts during the year were (1) to construct a 1 TPD Process Development Unit (PDU) for conversion of coal to distillate fuels using a molten zinc chloride catalyst and (2) to explore the effects of operating variables on a 2 lb/hr continuous bench-scale unit and develop correlations predicting conversion and product yields with Montana subbituminous coal. Construction of the PDU is 88% complete, and break-in of the liquefaction sections is underway. Correlations of conversion with residence time were developed for temperatures from 385 to 427/sup 0/C (725 to 800/sup 0/F), and pressures of 16.5 and 24.1 MPa (2400 and 3500 psig). Yields per ton of MAF coal were up to 4.3 bbls gasoline and 1.0 bbl of higher boiling distillate in one pass. The raw gasoline had Research Octane Numbers of 90.6 to 92.3 and low nitrogen and sulfur. Single runs showed that other subbituminous coals and bituminous coal could be successfully converted with the process. A secondary zinc recovery step was developed to increase overall zinc recovery from 98.5-99.0 to 99.5-99.6% via fluidized bed treatment of the primary coal ash with HCl-air at 1038/sup 0/C (1900/sup 0/F). Savings of 3.5 cents/gallon of gasoline are estimated. Work continues to improve rejection of other ash metals. Attached as Appendix A are three reports which chronicled a 1975 economic study on conversion of coal extract to gasoline. Zinc chloride processing is estimated to save 8 to 16% over ebullated-bed hydrocracking, hydrotreating and reforming to make the same product.

• Research Organization: Conoco Coal Development Co., Library, PA (USA). Research Div.
• OSTI ID: 6609731
• Report Number(s): FE-1743-49
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010405* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Hydrogenation & Liquefaction
ANTIKNOCK RATINGS
BENCH-SCALE EXPERIMENTS
BITUMINOUS COAL
BLACK COAL
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
COAL
COAL EXTRACTS
COAL LIQUEFACTION
COAL LIQUIDS
CRACKING
DECOMPOSITION
ECONOMICS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
FUNCTIONAL MODELS
GASOLINE
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROCRACKING
LIQUEFACTION
METALS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PROCESS DEVELOPMENT UNITS
PROCESSING
PYROLYSIS
RECOVERY
REFINING
SUBBITUMINOUS COAL
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
YIELDS
ZINC
ZINC CHLORIDES
ZINC COMPOUNDS
ZINC HALIDE PROCESS
ZINC HALIDES