Use of radiation-induced polymers as friction reducing agents
Drag reduction of fluids containing a water phase, e.g. hydrocarbon-in-water mixture, flowing through a conduit, is reduced by incorporating within the water phase a polymer obtained by radiation-induced polymerization of acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, alkali metal salts thereof, or mixtures thereof. The polymerization is preferably carried out in 10-60% aqueous monomer solution with gamma radiation. The mixture of monomers, before radiation, preferably contains 25-99% acrylamide and 75-1% sodium acrylate. The polymer preferably shows viscoelastic effects at high concentrations in a solvent. Concentrations of about 1-10,000 ppm of the polymer in the water phase is desired. Examples of fluids useful with this invention include hydrocarbon-in-water and water -in-hydrocarbon slurries, the hydrocarbon is preferably comminuted oil shale or coal, congealed particles of crude oil and/or wax, viscous crude oil, etc.
- Assignee:
- Hercules Inc
- Patent Number(s):
- US 4236545
- OSTI ID:
- 6609588
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
013000* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Transport
Handling
& Storage
02 PETROLEUM
022000 -- Petroleum-- Transport
Handling
& Storage
04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS
040400 -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- Oil Production
Recovery
& Refining
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
400600 -- Radiation Chemistry
ACRYLAMIDE
ACRYLIC ACID
ADDITIVES
AMIDES
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHEMICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COAL
DISPERSIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUID FLOW
FOSSIL FUELS
FREIGHT PIPELINES
FRICTION
FUEL SLURRIES
FUELS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MATERIALS
METHACRYLIC ACID
MIXTURES
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
MONOMERS
OIL SHALES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM
PIPELINES
POLYMERIZATION
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
SLURRIES
SLURRY PIPELINES
SUSPENSIONS
WATER