Characteristics of American coals in relation to their conversion into clean energy fuels. Quarterly technical progress report, January--March 1977

Technical Report · Wed Jun 01 04:00:00 EDT 1977

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6609336· OSTI ID:6609336

Spackman, W.; Davis, A.; Walker, P. L.; Lovell, H. L.; Essenhigh, R. H.; Vastola, F. J.; Given, P. H.

Twenty-one coal samples have been added to the Penn State/ERDA Coal Sample Bank. Ninety-six sets of analytical data and 114 coal samples were provided upon request to other agencies engaged in coal research. Mass spectrometer and reactor systems have been used successfully in measuring the amount of vaporization (and pyrolysis) products of hydrocarbons in low concentrations in a helium carrier gas. Research has shown, using small angle x-ray scattering, that the pore structure of a char is a function of the rank of the parent coal and maximum heat treatment temperature. Carbon deposition on chars from the cracking of methane decreases subsequent reactivity of the char to air. The decrease in reactivity appears to be due to a decrease in active surface area and deactivation of catalytic impurities. Experimental results previously obtained concerning the combustion of char and anthracite have been analyzed with respect to a simple theory of radiative flame propagation and the computer model has been used to investigate the effects of fuel particle density variations. In the study of the combustion characteristics of coal-oil-water emulsions, furnace efficiency peaked at about 5% coal addition, at 10% water, and 20% excess air.

• Research Organization: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park (USA). Coal Research Section
• Sponsoring Organization: US Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA)
• OSTI ID: 6609336
• Report Number(s): FE-2030-7
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010600* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Properties & Composition
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKANES
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM SILICATES
BOILERS
CALCITE
CALCIUM CARBONATES
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CALCIUM SULFATES
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBONATES
CATALYTIC CRACKING
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHARS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISORPTION
CLAYS
COAL
COLLOIDS
COMBUSTION
CRACKING
CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE
DECOMPOSITION
DENSITY
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY
EMULSIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL OILS
FUEL SLURRIES
FUELS
GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
GYPSUM
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
ILLITE
INFORMATION CENTERS
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
IRON COMPOUNDS
IRON SULFIDES
KAOLINITE
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
METHANE
MICROSCOPY
MICROSTRUCTURE
MINERALS
MIXTURES
MONTMORILLONITE
NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS
NONMETALS
NORTH AMERICA
OILS
ORES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
OXIDES
OXYGEN
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PYRITE
PYRITES
PYROLYSIS
PYROLYSIS PRODUCTS
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
QUARTZ
SAMPLING
SCATTERING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SILICATES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
SLURRIES
SMALL ANGLE SCATTERING
SORPTION
SPECTROSCOPY
SULFATES
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
SULFUR ORES
SUSPENSIONS
THERMAL ANALYSIS
THERMAL GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TRACE AMOUNTS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
USA
WATER
X-RAY EMISSION ANALYSIS
X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS