Ion chromatography with low-capacity resins and low-conductivity eluents

Technical Report · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1980

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/6607786· OSTI ID:6607786

Gjerde, D T

Strong-base anion exchangers with capacities ranging from 0.04 to 1.46 mequiv./g and from 0.0016 to 0.024 mequiv./g are prepared from Amberlite XAD resins. Distribution ratios of common inorganic and organic anions decrease with decreasing resin capacity, but selectivity coefficients are essentially constant for most of the anions studied. The effect of resin capacity on the distribution ratios for some of the metals that form anionic chloro complexes is also studied. The low-capacity resins are shown to be useful for practical chromatographic separations of mixtures containing palladium(II), platinum(IV), gold(III), bismuth(III) and mercury(II). A new and simple system of anion chromatography is described for the separation and determination of inorganic and organic anions. The anions are separated on a column containing a macroporous anion-exchange resin of a low capacity (0.0007 to 0.07 mequiv./g). Only a dilute solution of an aromatic organic acid salt is needed as the eluent. The eluent conductance is sufficiently low so that a suppressor column is not needed and the separated anions can be detected with a simple conductance detector. Numerous examples of actual separations are shown. In some cases, concentrations of anions below 1 ppM could be detected. Equations are developed to help separate difficult mixtures of anions. A system of cation chromatography is described in which metal and ammonium ions are separated on a cation-exchange column of low capacity and are detected with a conductivity detector. No suppressor column is needed. A nitric acid eluent is used to separate mixtures of alkali metal and ammonium ions, and an eluent containing an ethylenediammonium salt is used for the separation of alkaline earth metal ions. The new method is used to determine sodium, potassium, ammonium, magnesium and calcium in drinking water.

• Research Organization: Ames Lab., IA (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: W-7405-ENG-82
• OSTI ID: 6607786
• Report Number(s): IS-T-916
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400105* -- Separation Procedures
ALKALI METALS
ALKALINE EARTH METALS
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
ANIONS
BISMUTH
BROMINE
CADMIUM
CALCIUM
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CATIONS
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHLORINE
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CHROMATES
CHROMATOGRAPHY
CHROMIUM
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
COPPER
DESIGN
DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS
ELEMENTS
EQUIPMENT
FLUORINE
FUNCTIONS
GOLD
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HALOGENS
IODINE
ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY
IONS
IRON
MAGNESIUM
MERCURY
METALS
NITRATES
NITRITES
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NONMETALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PALLADIUM
PERCHLORATES
PETROCHEMICALS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHTHALATES
PLATINUM
PLATINUM METALS
POLYMERS
POTASSIUM
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
RESINS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SODIUM
SULFATES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
THIOCYANATES
THIOSULFATES
TIN
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS