Behavior of pipe in dry sand under lateral and uplift loading

Thesis/Dissertation · Sat Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1983

OSTI ID:6592863

Trautmann, C H

Permanent ground deformations associated with earthquakes can impose substantial axial and bending strains on buried pipelines and other lifeline structures. The analysis of these strains depends in large part on the soil forces imposed on the pipeline by ground distortions. In this study, the force-displacement behavior for pipe buried in dry quartz and calcite sand was studied in a medium-scale laboratory test facility. Both 102-mm-diameter and 324-mm-diameter pipes were loaded horizontally and vertically in loose, medium, and dense sand at depths ranging from two to 13 diameters. The measured lateral and uplift forces show close agreement with several published solutions for both medium and dense sand. For loose, contractive sand, published solutions were found to underpredict lateral forces and overpredict uplift forces. Both shallow and deep soil failure mechanisms were observed. The shallow mechanism is a general shear failure for both horizontally and vertically loaded pipes, and the deep mechanisms is a punching shear or local shear failure, depending on the initial density of the sand and the direction of loading. Torque developed during horizontal loading is negligible with respect to the strength of the pipe. Force-displacement curves can be conveniently represented by bilinear or hyperbolic functions for use in computer pipe stress analyses, and general equations are developed to determine the constants for a variety of soil and pipe conditions.

• OSTI ID: 6592863
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

42 ENGINEERING
420205* -- Engineering-- Transport & Storage Facilities-- (1980-)
DEFORMATION
DYNAMIC LOADS
EARTHQUAKES
LEVELS
PIPELINES
SAND
SEISMIC EVENTS
SOILS
STRAINS
STRESS ANALYSIS
UNDERGROUND