Applications of shallow solar ponds in wastewater treatment
The Shallow Solar Pond (SSP) has been developed as a means of supplying solar heated water for industrial and commercial use. Potential applications of the SSP in wastewater treatment are investigated. The key findings of this study are: the only near term application of SSP's which involves significant amounts of energy is that of heating anaerobic digesters. Because of the economies of scale, only large systems (greater than or equal to 1 acre) can be justified. The digester gas displaced by the SSP must be assigned a value close to that of conventional gaseous fuels. Sludge preheating, rather than digester maintenance heating, is the most cost effective use of SSP heat. In the industrial and food processing sector, there exists significant potential for using anaerobic processes to treat medium and high strength wastes.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-48
- OSTI ID:
- 6578035
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-15329
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
141000* -- Solar Collectors & Concentrators
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320305 -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Industrial & Agricultural Processes-- Industrial Waste Management
320604 -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Municipalities & Community Systems-- Municipal Waste Management-- (1980-)
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION
BIOCONVERSION
CHEMICAL REACTORS
COST
DESIGN
DIGESTION
ECONOMICS
ENERGY
EQUIPMENT
HEAT
HEAT EXCHANGERS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
INDUSTRY
LIQUID WASTES
MANAGEMENT
OPERATION
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PONDS
PROCESS HEAT
PROCESSING
SIZE
SLUDGES
SOLAR COLLECTORS
SOLAR EQUIPMENT
SOLAR PONDS
SOLAR PROCESS HEAT
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WASTE PROCESSING PLANTS
WASTE WATER
WASTES
WATER
WATER TREATMENT PLANTS