Influence of relaxation transitions on radiation-initiated cationic graft polymerization. [Gamma radiation]
Radiation grafting of vinyl n-butyl ether (VBE) to polyvinyl chloride (PVC) over a broad temperature range was investigated. The relaxation transitions in the PVC/VBE system were also determined. Grafting of vinyl alkyl ethers proceeds entirely by a cationic mechanism in a reaction medium that has been dried to a water concentration no greater than 0.1-1.0 ppm. In this connection, the diffusion properties of water in the temperature region were studied. Commercial films of unplasticized PVC (thickness 200 M); were subjected to swelling in two systems: in a 50% solution of VBE in benzene at 25/sup 0/C, and in the pure monomer at 40/sup 0/C. The reaction mixtures were first dried over metallic sodium in a deaerated atmosphere. The specimens were irradiated in a Co gamma-radiation unit to a dose of 10 kGy at a dose rate of 3 Gy/sec. The first reaction mixture was investigated over a range of temperatures from -60/sup 0/ to +70/sup 0/C, and the second from -15/sup 0/ to +50/sup 0/C. The degree of grafting was determined from the increase in weight of the original ungrafted film. The temperature was held to within +/-1/sup 0/C. The relaxation transitions in the swollen polymer systems were determined by two methods, thermostimulated current (TSC) and thermomechanics (TM). It was found that in the region of the glass transition of a swollen PVC-VBE system, radiation-initiated cationic graft polymerization proceeds at a maximal rate, and there are changes in state of the water molecules (the agents of breaking the ion reaction chain) and in their diffusion properties within the matrix.
- Research Organization:
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Moscow (Russian Federation)
- OSTI ID:
- 6575856
- Journal Information:
- Dokl. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.); (United States), Vol. 261:1-3; Other Information: Translated from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR; 261: No. 1-3, 418-421(Nov 1981)
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
BUTYL ETHER
CHEMICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS
PVC
CATIONS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
GAMMA RADIATION
GRAFT POLYMERS
MEDIUM PRESSURE
MEDIUM TEMPERATURE
RELAXATION
SORPTIVE PROPERTIES
SWELLING
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
VINYL MONOMERS
WATER
CHARGED PARTICLES
CHEMISTRY
CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
DATA
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ETHERS
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
IONIZING RADIATIONS
IONS
MONOMERS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLYMERS
POLYVINYLS
RADIATION CHEMISTRY
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
SURFACE PROPERTIES
400600* - Radiation Chemistry