High-alcohol microemulsion fuel performance in a diesel engine
Incidence of methanol use in diesel engines is increasing rapidly due to the potential to reduce both diesel particulate emissions and petroleum consumption. Because simple alcohols and conventional diesel fuel are normally immiscible, most tests to date have used neat to near-neat alcohol, or blends incorporating surfactants or other alcohols. Alcohol's poor ignition quality usually necssitates the use of often expensive cetane enhancers, full-time glow plugs, or spark assist. Reported herein are results of screening tests of clear microemulsion and micellar fuels which contain 10 to 65% C{sub 1}--C{sub 4} alcohol. Ignition performance and NO emissions were measured for clear, stable fuel blends containing alcohols, diesel fuel and additives such as alkyl nitrates, acrylic acids, and several vegetable oil derivatives. Using a diesel engine calibrated with reference fuels, cetane numbers for fifty four blends were estimated. The apparent cetane numbers ranged from around 20 to above 50 with the majority between 30 and 45. Emissions of nitric oxide were measured for a few select fuels and were found to be 10 to 20% lower than No. 2 diesel fuel. 36 refs., 87 figs., 8 tabs.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (USA)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- DOE/CE
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-84OR21400
- OSTI ID:
- 6567058
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9010205-2; ON: DE91001617
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
320203 -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Transportation-- Land & Roadway
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
330102 -- Internal Combustion Engines-- Diesel
330800* -- Emission Control-- Alternative Fuels
ACRYLIC ACID
ALCOHOL FUELS
ALCOHOLS
ALKANES
BUTANOLS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHALCOGENIDES
COLLOIDS
DIESEL ENGINES
DISPERSIONS
EMISSION
EMULSIONS
ENERGY CONSERVATION
ENGINES
FUEL SUBSTITUTION
FUELS
GASOLINE
HEAT ENGINES
HEXADECANE
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
IGNITION
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
LIQUID FUELS
MICROEMULSIONS
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
OILS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARTICLES
PARTICULATES
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
SYNTHETIC FUELS
TESTING
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TRANSPORTATION SECTOR
UNLEADED GASOLINE
VAPOR PRESSURE
VEGETABLE OILS