Development of high performance sodium/metal chloride cells

Conference · Mon Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1990

OSTI ID:6544768

Vissers, D R; Bloom, I D; Hash, M C; Redey, L; Hammer, C L; Dees, D W; Nelson, P A

Sodium/metal chloride (MCl{sub 2}) cells and batteries are being studied at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) for stationary energy storage and transportation applications. The work is being directed toward (1) development of thin, high-capacity density electrodes and inexpensive {beta}{double prime}-alumina-glass composite electrolyte materials to replace {beta}{double prime}-alumina and (2) the development of models to project MCl{sub 2} system performances. In our NiCl{sub 2} electrode work, the effects of charge/discharge rates, temperature, electrode porosity, and sulfur content on electrode performance were determined using annular electrodes fabricated in the uncharged state. Of all electrode design parameters mentioned, electrode porosity, sulfur content, and charge rates have the greatest effect on utilization and on the area-specific impedance. The {beta}{double prime}-alumina-glass composite electrolyte work has led to the development of a highly conductive (3.3 {times} 10{sup {minus}2}S/cm at 250{degree}C) composite material. Preliminary modeling studies indicate that the performance of the MCl{sub 2} electrodes can be fitted by a mathematic model very successfully and that cell electrolyte configurations of either multiple tubes joined at a header or compartmented flat structures of either {beta}{double prime}-alumina or of the composite material would result in high-performance batteries with power-to-energy ratios of about 5. 15 refs., 8 figs., 4 tabs.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Lab., IL (USA)
• Sponsoring Organization: DOE/CE
• DOE Contract Number: W-31109-ENG-38
• OSTI ID: 6544768
• Report Number(s): CONF-9006243-2; ON: DE90017668
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
250901* -- Energy Storage-- Batteries-- Design & Development
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
330300 -- Advanced Propulsion Systems-- Electric-Powered Systems
330400 -- Advanced Propulsion Systems-- Hybrid Systems
ALKALI METALS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
BATTERY CHARGING
CHALCOGENIDES
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
DESIGN
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELECTRODES
ELECTROLYTES
ELEMENTS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
METALS
NICKEL CHLORIDES
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
SODIUM
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSPORTATION SECTOR