Extensive air showers accompanied by. gamma. -ray families with summationE/sub. gamma. //sub ,//sub H/greater than or equal to10 TeV and general extensive air showers

Journal Article · Wed Mar 01 00:00:00 EST 1989 · Phys. Rev. D; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.39.1267· OSTI ID:6535591

Fukushima, Y; Hamayasu, C; Mitsumune, T; Saito, T; Sakata, M; Shima, M; Yamamoto, Y; Dake, S; Kawamoto, M; Kusunose, M; others, and

Extensive air showers (EAS's) accompanied by families of high-energy cascade showers were observed at Mt. Norikura (738 g cm/sup -2/). 99 families of ..gamma..-ray- and hadron-origin showers with total energies summationE/sub ..gamma..//sub ,//sub H/greater than or equal to10 TeV were obtained. The success rate of the combination between families and EAS's reaches to almost 90% (87 events). The families are associated with young EAS's, with mean age parameter sapprox.0.7, whose sizes distribute widely over three orders of magnitude up to 10/sup 8/. The size spectrum of the family-associated EAS's coincides with the general EAS's in the size region above 5 x 10/sup 6/ but the former drops rapidly from the latter below this critical size. From the absolute intensity of summationE/sub ..gamma..//sub ,//sub H/ spectrum the proton fraction in the primary cosmic rays is deduced to be (14 +- 5)%, with an error of one standard deviation, in the primary energies (5 x 10/sup 14/)--10/sup 16/ eV, in comparison with a Monte Carlo simulation assuming an adequate interaction model. This agrees with the result obtained by the work with other mountain data and is also compatible with the result inferred from the size spectrum gap between the family-associated EAS's and the general EAS's in the region below the critical size.

• Research Organization: Department of Physics, Konan University, Kobe, Japan
• OSTI ID: 6535591
• Journal Information: Phys. Rev. D; (United States), Vol. 39:5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
EXTENSIVE AIR SHOWERS
GAMMA CASCADES
COSMIC PROTONS
CROSS SECTIONS
MONTE CARLO METHOD
NUCLEAR EMULSIONS
PRIMARY COSMIC RADIATION
PROTON SPECTRA
PROTON-ANTIPROTON INTERACTIONS
PROTON-PROTON INTERACTIONS
SCINTILLATION COUNTERS
SIMULATION
SPARK CHAMBERS
TEV RANGE
BARYON-BARYON INTERACTIONS
BARYONS
COSMIC RADIATION
COSMIC SHOWERS
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ENERGY RANGE
FERMIONS
GAS TRACK DETECTORS
HADRON-HADRON INTERACTIONS
HADRONS
INTERACTIONS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
NUCLEAR CASCADES
NUCLEON-ANTINUCLEON INTERACTIONS
NUCLEON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONS
NUCLEONS
PARTICLE INTERACTIONS
PROTON-NUCLEON INTERACTIONS
PROTONS
RADIATION DETECTORS
RADIATIONS
SECONDARY COSMIC RADIATION
SHOWERS
SPECTRA
640101* - Astrophysics & Cosmology- Cosmic Radiation