Preparation of micron-sized Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} and its electrochemistry in polyacrylonitrile electrolyte-based lithium cells
- EIC Labs., Inc., Norwood, MA (United States)
Micron-sized Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} was prepared in a single-step solid-state reaction involving TiO{sub 2} and Li{sub 2}CO{sub 3}, and its electrochemical behavior was evaluated in Li and Li-ion cells containing a polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based solid polymer electrolyte. The usefulness of Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} was demonstrated for three distinctive applications: (1) cathode of a 1.5 V rechargeable Li battery, (2) auxiliary electrode for investigating the electrochemistry of Li insertion cathode materials, and (3) anode of a Li-ion cell in conjunction with a high voltage cathode, e.g., cubic spinel LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}. The micron-sized Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} exhibited a capacity of 160 mAh/g at C/20--C/30 rates which about 7% better than the capacity exhibited by this material prepared according to a previously published procedure. More importantly, the micron-sized oxide showed significantly better high rate capability, yielding 25--50% larger capacity at the 3C to 8C rates. Li//solid polymer electrolyte//Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} cells underwent extended, full-depth, charge/discharge cycling at {ge}1C rates with virtually no capacity fade. The auxiliary electrode concept was demonstrated in Li{sub (4+x)}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12} (x {approximately} 1.2)//solid polymer electrolyte//LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} cells. At a 1C discharge rate, more than 150 cycles were demonstrated in these cells with a capacity fade rate of about 0.1% per cycle and an end utilization of {approximately}90 mAh/g for spinel LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}. Balanced Li{sub 4}Ti{sub 5}O{sub 12}//solid polymer electrolyte//LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} cells of slightly cathode-limited configuration showed full-depth extended cycling capability at a utilization of {approximately}90 mAh/g for LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} at 1C rate and a capacity fade rate of about 0.08% per cycle.
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
- DOE Contract Number:
- FG02-96ER82158
- OSTI ID:
- 653519
- Journal Information:
- Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 145, Issue 8; Other Information: PBD: Aug 1998
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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