Oxygen control in PWR secondary coolant: Final report
The objective of the study is to assess the technical aspects of utilizing direct contact heaters in the condensate train and a bubbling deaerating device in the condenser in order to improve the deaeration in the feedwater system, and develop cost estimates for such a plant retrofit. A reference PWR plant has been used to establish a basis for development of retrofit requirements and system costs. Emphasis has been placed on retrofitting the existing low pressure heaters in the condenser neck into direct contact heaters in order to improve the condensate deaeration at the very beginning of the condensate-feedwater cycle. Two basic designs of direct contact heater are discussed and their technical benefits are described. Required plant modifications have been developed and improvement in heat rates have been evaluated. Cost estimates have been developed for such a retrofit. Turbine protection against water induction has been addressed at length including recommendations on various protection measures. Incorporation of a bubbling deaerating device into the reference plant has been evaluated, and its cost estimate has been developed. 4 refs., 18 figs., 1 tab.
- Research Organization:
- Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA (USA); Burns and Roe, Inc., Oradell, NJ (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6533095
- Report Number(s):
- EPRI-NP-6083; ON: TI89004712
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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CONDENSERS
CONTROL SYSTEMS
COOLING SYSTEMS
COST ESTIMATION
DEAERATORS
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
FEEDWATER
FEEDWATER HEATERS
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PWR TYPE REACTORS
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SECONDARY COOLANT CIRCUITS
TURBINES
TURBOMACHINERY
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WATER COOLED REACTORS
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