Radiological assessment of the utilization of fly ash in concrete for building construction and the parameters affecting radon-222 emanation from fly ash concrete
In this study, the Rn-222 area exhalation rates and the maximum area exhalations for concrete containing fly ash or Ra-226 water were measured. Various concrete samples were fabricated with fly ash of known radium content as a cement substitute. Other samples were prepared with one of three concentrations of Ra-226 water solution added into the concrete mix. A newly designed Indoor/Outdoor Emanation Chamber. The Ra-225 concentrations for the fly ash used ranged from 3.42 pCi/g to 7.55 pCi/g depending upon the source of the ash and the particle size. Doses were calculated for occupants of a hypothetical house built with concrete of the type studied. Doses to the basal cells of the bronchial epithelium and the mean dose to the lung were 2.10 rad/yr and 0.37 rad/yr for standard concrete, up to 4.28 rad/yr and 0.76 rad/yr for fly ash concrete, and 3.26 rad/yr and 0.58 rad/yr for the concrete made with 25 pCI/L radium-226 water. The risk associated with utilization of standard concrete in an unventilated house was estimated to range from 560 to 1316 fatal cancers in million population. Utilization of fly ash as a cement substitute could increase the number of fatal lung cancers up to 2680. Introducing 25 pCi/L Ra-226 water into concrete will increase the fatal cancer rate up to 2042 in a million population.
- Research Organization:
- Purdue Univ., Lafayette, IN (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6529593
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
Atmospheric-- Radioactive Materials Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560161 -- Radionuclide Effects
Kinetics
& Toxicology-- Man
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOL WASTES
AIR POLLUTION
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
ASHES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BODY
BUILDING MATERIALS
BUILDINGS
CONCRETES
CONTAMINATION
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DISEASES
DOSES
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
EXPOSURE CHAMBERS
FLY ASH
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEAVY NUCLEI
HOUSES
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION
ISOTOPES
LUNGS
MATERIALS
NEOPLASMS
NUCLEI
ORGANS
PARTICLE SIZE
POLLUTION
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION HAZARDS
RADIOECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
RADIOINDUCTION
RADIOISOTOPES
RADON 222
RADON 226
RADON ISOTOPES
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
RESIDUES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RISK ASSESSMENT
SIZE
WASTES